Table 3.
Factors associated with anosmia/ageusia during or after the first epidemic peak (as compared with no reported anosmia/ageusia starting after lockdown)
| Crude model | M0 | M1 | M2 | |||||
| +Social variables | +Exposure variables* | +Health variables | ||||||
| During peak, OR (95% CI) |
After peak, OR (95% CI) |
During peak, OR (95% CI) |
After peak, OR (95% CI) |
During peak, OR (95% CI) |
After peak, OR (95% CI) |
During peak, OR (95% CI) |
After peak, OR (95% CI) |
|
| Age | ||||||||
| 18–24 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 25–34 | 1.68 (1.36 to 2.07) | 1.18 (0.87 to 1.60) | 1.44 (1.15 to 1.80) | 1.03 (0.77 to 1.47) | 1.45 (1.16 to 1.82) | 1.04 (0.73 to 1.48) | 1.43 (1.14 to 1.80) | 0.93 (0.66 to 1.32) |
| 35–44 | 1.56 (1.27 to 1.91) | 1.22 (0.91 to 1.65) | 1.36 (1.09 to 1.68) | 1.07 (0.76 to 1.51) | 1.41 (1.13 to 1.76) | 1.08 (0.76 to 1.52) | 1.37 (1.10 to 1.72) | 0.90 (0.64 to 1.27) |
| 45–54 | 1.43 (1.17 to 1.74) | 0.86 (0.63 to 1.18) | 1.30 (1.05 to 1.61) | 0.77 (0.54 to 1.09) | 1.37 (1.10 to 1.70) | 0.80 (0.55 to 1.14) | 1.31 (1.05 to 1.63) | 0.63 (0.44 to 0.90) |
| 55–64 | 0.89 (0.71 to 1.11) | 0.76 (0.54 to 1.06) | 0.84 (0.66 to 1.06) | 0.67 (0.44 to 1.02) | 0.91 (0.72 to 1.14) | 0.73 (0.47 to 1.12) | 0.84 (0.66 to 1.07) | 0.54 (0.36 to 0.82) |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Men | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Women | 1.57 (1.40 to 1.76) | 1.40 (1.14 to 1.71) | 1.52 (1.34 to 1.71) | 1.37 (1.10 to 1.70) | 1.52 (1.35 to 1.72) | 1.38 (1.11 to 1.71) | 1.51 (1.34 to 1.70) | 1.42 (1.14 to 1.77) |
| Ethnoracial status | ||||||||
| Mainstream population | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Non-racialised first-generation immigrants | 1.52 (1.16 to 2.00) | 2.00 (1.14 to 3.53) | 1.55 (1.18 to 2.04) | 2.08 (1.18 to 3.65) | 1.25 (0.95 to 1.65) | 1.71 (1.00 to 2.94) | 1.26 (0.95 to 1.66) | 1.77 (1.04 to 3.04) |
| Non-racialised second-generation immigrants | 1.40 (1.07 to 1.82) | 1.16 (0.77 to 1.76) | 1.41 (1.09 to 1.84) | 1.17 (0.77 to 1.77) | 1.26 (0.97 to 1.64) | 1.08 (0.71 to 1.63) | 1.26 (0.96 to 1.64) | 1.07 (0.71 to 1.62) |
| Racialised first-generation immigrants | 1.46 (1.18 to 1.80) | 1.20 (0.82 to 1.75) | 1.52 (1.23 to 1.88) | 1.24 (0.84 to 1.83) | 1.08 (0.87 to 1.35) | 0.89 (0.60 to 1.33) | 1.12 (0.89 to 1.40) | 0.95 (0.64 to 1.42) |
| Racialised second generation immigrants | 2.01 (1.63 to 2.48) | 1.87 (1.34 to 2.63) | 1.97 (1.59 to 2.43) | 1.79 (1.27 to 2.51) | 1.46 (1.18 to 1.81) | 1.39 (0.98 to 1.98) | 1.48 (1.19 to 1.83) | 1.42 (1.00 to 2.01) |
| DOM or descendants of DOM native | 2.01 (1.43 to 2.81) | 2.02 (1.21 to 3.36) | 1.96 (1.40 to 2.75) | 1.93 (1.16 to 3.24) | 1.50 (1.07 to 2.11) | 1.56 (0.93 to 2.60) | 1.50 (1.07 to 2.12) | 1.50 (0.89 to 2.52) |
| Social class | ||||||||
| Self-employed and entrepreneurs | 0.62 (0.47 to 0.83) | 1.30 (0.77 to 2.19) | 0.66 (0.49 to 0.88) | 1.35 (0.81 to 2.27) | 0.77 (0.57 to 1.04) | 1.30 (0.77 to 2.18) | 0.79 (0.58 to 1.07) | 1.25 (0.74 to 2.11) |
| Senior executive professionals | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Middle executive professionals | 0.93 (0.79 to 1.10) | 1.47 (1.09 to 1.98) | 0.92 (0.78 to 1.08) | 1.44 (1.07 to 1.95) | 1.04 (0.88 to 1.24) | 1.43 (1.05 to 1.94) | 1.05 (0.88 to 1.24) | 1.36 (1.00 to 1.85) |
| Skilled employees | 0.99 (0.81 to 1.21) | 1.07 (0.73 to 1.58) | 0.83 (0.67 to 1.02) | 0.91 (0.62 to 1.35) | 0.95 (0.77 to 1.17) | 0.93 (0.62 to 1.39) | 0.95 (0.77 to 1.17) | 0.91 (0.61 to 1.35) |
| Low-skilled employees | 0.76 (0.64 to 0.91) | 1.23 (0.90 to 1.68) | 0.70 (0.59 to 0.84) | 1.17 (0.85 to 1.61) | 0.80 (0.66 to 0.97) | 1.09 (0.77 to 1.53) | 0.81 (0.67 to 0.99) | 1.00 (0.71 to 1.41) |
| Skilled manual workers | 0.47 (0.35 to 0.62) | 0.83 (0.55 to 1.24) | 0.51 (0.39 to 0.67) | 0.89 (0.59 to 1.33) | 0.61 (0.46 to 0.82) | 0.85 (0.55 to 1.30) | 0.63 (0.47 to 0.83) | 0.79 (0.51 to 1.21) |
| Low-skilled manual workers | 0.52 (0.35 to 0.79) | 0.93 (0.57 to 1.54) | 0.52 (0.34 to 0.78) | 0.91 (0.55 to 1.51) | 0.65 (0.43 to 1.00) | 0.90 (0.53 to 1.51) | 0.67 (0.44 to 1.02) | 0.82 (0.49 to 1.39) |
| Never worked and others | 0.64 (0.54 to 0.77) | 0.94 (0.67 to 1.33) | 0.64 (0.53 to 0.78) | 0.85 (0.57 to 1.29) | 0.81 (0.64 to 1.01) | 0.85 (0.54 to 1.33) | 0.81 (0.64 to 1.01) | 0.80 (0.51 to 1.25) |
| High density of the place of residence | ||||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.83 (1.64 to 2.05) | 1.38 (1.14 to 1.68) | 1.21 (1.06 to 1.38) | 0.96 (0.77 to 1.21) | 1.21 (1.06 to 1.38) | 0.95 (0.76 to 1.20) | ||
| Overcrowded housing | ||||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 1.38 (1.19 to 1.62) | 1.74 (1.32 to 2.31) | 1.03 (0.87 to 1.21) | 1.41 (1.05 to 1.89) | 1.04 (0.88 to 1.22) | 1.41 (1.05 to 1.89) | ||
| Working arrangement during lockdown | ||||||||
| Remote working only | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Not working and others | 0.65 (0.56 to 0.76) | 1.13 (0.84 to 1.53) | 1.00 (0.82 to 1.21) | 1.41 (1.00 to 1.99) | 0.99 (0.82 to 1.21) | 1.34 (0.95 to 1.88) | ||
| Working outside the home partly or only | 0.80 (0.69 to 0.92) | 1.36 (1.03 to 1.81) | 1.18 (1.01 to 1.38) | 1.65 (1.22 to 2.21) | 1.19 (1.02 to 1.40) | 1.64 (1.21 to 2.20) | ||
Significant associations are indicated in bold.
Multinomial logistic regressions.
*Including regions (data not shown).
DOM, French Overseas Departments.