Table 6.
Roles of nanofiber materials in various nanogenerator applications.
| Materials | Property and Role | Applications | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ethyl cellulose/polyamide 6 nanofiber mats and MXene-based poly(vinylidene fluoride) nanofiber mats | Ethyl cellulose/polyamide 6 nanofiber mats as triboelectric cathode materials and MXene-based PVDF nanofiber mats as triboelectric anode materials. | Triboelectric nanogenerator | [186] |
| Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/MXene (Ti3C2Tx) composite nanofibers | The dielectric modulation of PVDF nanofibers by incorporating conductive MXene nanosheets significantly enhanced the dielectric constant and the surface charge density of nanofiber by 270% and 80%, respectively. | Triboelectric nanogenerator | [196] |
| Polyimide/poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-trifluoroethylene) membranes | Provided excellent triboelectric negativity and high dielectric constant | Triboelectric nanogenerator | [187] |
| Polyamide 66 nanofiber and poly(vinylidenefluorideco-trifluoroethylene) nanofiber | Nanofibers were used as the shell to wrap commercial stainless-steel yarns providing high flexibility, desirable breathability, washability, excellent durability, demonstrating to be a reliable power textile to light up 58 light-emitting diodes | Triboelectric nanogenerator | [197] |
| Graphene Oxide/PVDF Electrospun Nanofiber | By adding GO and rGO to increase the nucleation sites in PVDF, the polar β piezoelectric phase could be enhanced, resulting in greater piezoelectric output | Piezoelectric nanogenerator | [190] |
| PVDF-graphene nanosheet composite nanofibers | In comparison with the pristine PVDF, the PVDF/G composite films-based TENGs demonstrated superior triboelectric performance. | Triboelectric nanogenerator | [198] |
| PVDF/ZnO composite nanofibers | Electrospraying pre-synthesized ZnO nanorods on PVDF nanofibers resulted in the highest piezoelectric response due to the combined effect of the greater piezoelectricity of aligned ZnO nanorods and PVDF nanofibers, and larger triboelectric response from increased surface roughness. | Piezoelectric nanogenerator | [199] |
| Poly(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) (PVDF-TrFE)/MXene Nanofiber Mat | The incorporation of MXene nanosheets into the PVDF-TrFE polymer matrix substantially increased electronegativity in the composite polymer that helped the dramatic enhancement in the performance of the nanofiber-based triboelectric nanogenerator | Triboelectric nanogenerator | [200] |
| Poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)/nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4) fiber | Addition of NiFe2O4 in PVDF plays an important role in transforming α to β phase. PVDF/NiFe2O4 films exhibited enhanced ferroelectric and magnetic properties. | Piezoelectric nanogenerator | [191] |
| Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/ barium titanate@ poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PDMS/BT@PVDF) core-shell nanofibers | PVDF as the outer layer and PDMS/BT as the core where liquid PDMS was crosslinked in situ by employing a heating plate collector. | Triboelectric nanogenerator | [188] |