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. 2021 Nov 8;14(21):6726. doi: 10.3390/ma14216726

Table 1.

Research summary of Mg-based alloys subjected to FSW/FSP.

Alloy Processing Conclusions/Remarks Reference
AA6061 and NZ30K FSW The interface of the intermetallic compound layer
of Mg and Al alloys as a failure location		 [8]
Mg-6Zn-1Y-0.5Zr (wt%) FSP Enhancement of strength and ductility due to significant grain refinement, distribution of small second phase
particles, and texture softening		 [18]
GZ142K FSP Increment of yield strength by 30% owing to the refinement of grain and LPSO phase as well as formation of fine
precipitations around the LPSO phase. Moreover, reduction of
elongation by 39% due to development of the
heterogeneous microstructure		 [22]
AZ31B and AA6061 FSW Mechanical strength, including tensile strength and hardness, escalated due to the grains refinement effect. In addition, excellent corrosion resistance at high rotation speed and
lower welding speed		 [34]
AZ31 FSP Conversion of coarse bimodal microstructure into a fine grain and defect-free microstructure at the rotation speed of 1000 rpm occurred. Furthermore, development of a defect-free, but comparatively coarse bimodal microstructure at rotation speeds higher than 1000 rpm. Moreover, formation of finer grain sizes without the generation of voids or defects caused by increasing translational speed [35]
Mg–7.12Zn–1.2Y–0.84Zr (wt%) FSP Obtaining a maximum superplasticity of 1110% at 450 °C and high strain rate of 1×10−2 s−1 due to the superior thermal stability of grain refinement structure
and the great fraction of high angle grain boundaries		 [63]
AZ31B-H24 and 2024-T3 FSW The low microhardness value in the corroded area was due to the creation of the porous magnesium hydroxide film with microcracks. Furthermore, the occurrence of galvanic corrosion was caused by galvanic couples of Al-Mg [75]
AZ61A FSW Maximum tensile strength of (83% of the base alloy) of the made welds at the axial force of 5 kN, rotation speed of
1200 rpm, and welding speed of 90 mm/min in
comparison with other weld specimens		 [76]
Mg–9.4Gd–4.1Y–1.2Zn–0.4Zr (wt%) FSP Considerable grain refinement and dissolution of large grain boundaries β−Mg3 RE and LPSO phases. Furthermore, substantial improvement of mechanical strength is obtained [77]
Mg-30Zr (wt%) FSP Fragmentation of a high fraction of coarse Zr particles into smaller particles occurred. Moreover, a noticeable increment of refining efficiency due to a more desirable distribution of Zr particles is obtained. [78]
AZ31 and AZ91 FSW Elimination of the hot cracking via the selection
of optimum welding parameters is observed		 [79]
Mg–4Nd–2.5Y (wt%) FSP Refinement of α-Mg dendrites and fragmentation of coarse Mg12Nd phases into small particles occurred. In addition,
excellent tensile properties caused by refinement and homogenous microstructure are obtained		 [80]
Lab-prepared Mg and AA6061-T6 FSW Enhancement of the joint strength via tailoring
of banded structure		 [81]
AZ31 FSW High mechanical performance of the welds at the
average rotation speed of 1200 rpm		 [82]
AZ91 and A383 FSW Defect-free FSW at the rotation speed of 900 rpm
and welding speed of 40 mm/min		 [83]
AZ31 FSW
and
FSP		 Enhancement of mechanical properties of the
weld caused by strengthening influence
corresponding to twin lamellae and strain. Moreover,
localization weakening during deformation occurred		 [84]
AZ31B FSW Obtainment of ultrafine grains with high dislocation density in the top area of the weld owing to cooling of liquid CO2. Furthermore, the existence of a large number of twins and second-phase
particles in these ultrafine grains is observed		 [85]
Mg–Sn–Zn FSP The matrix grains substantially decreased in the SZ of FSPed Mg–6Sn–2Zn alloy by DRX, and the secondary phase was fragmented. The escalation of travel speed has a less significant influence on the texture of various SZ areas. [86]
AZ61 FSP Two-pass FSP leads to a considerable enhancement in elongation, while a slighter lessening in strength than that of one-pass FSPed AZ61 alloy which is attributed to the structure refinement, the texture evolution in the stir zone. [87]
Mg-RE alloys FSP Occurrence of grain refinement, homogeneous dispersion of second-phases particles, and enhancement of
mechanical properties		 [88]