Table 2.
Average deviation (m) by device type and the type of environment.
| Device Type | Site | Date | Start Time (GTM+1) | N (GPS Points) |
Est. Mean Error |
95% CI | SD | Median |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Garmin | Historic center | 30/11/2018 | 11:27 | 7036 | 23.59 | [21.98, 25.20] | 9.21 | 22.10 |
| Residential (family houses) |
04/12/2018 | 15:36 | 7372 | 3.56 | [1.95, 5.18] | 1.92 | 3.63 | |
| Open space | 05/12/2018 | 14:40 | 7335 | 5.33 | [3.71, 6.94] | 1.36 | 5.10 | |
| Residential (periphery) |
09/12/2018 | 12:38 | 7382 | 5.73 | [4.11, 7.34] | 2.01 | 6.05 | |
| Housing estate | 09/12/2018 | 14:28 | 7386 | 11.59 | [9.98, 13.21] | 6.82 | 10.30 | |
| Park | 10/12/2018 | 16:29 | 7174 | 23.63 | [22.02, 25.24] | 9.40 | 23.80 | |
| Holux | Historic center | 30/11/2018 | 11:27 | 7366 | 31.44 | [29.82, 33.05] | 12.90 | 27.70 |
| Residential (family houses) | 04/12/2018 | 15:36 | 7329 | 1.87 | [0.25, 3.48] | 1.09 | 1.55 | |
| Open space | 05/12/2018 | 14:40 | 7390 | 3.36 | [1.75, 4.98] | 1.37 | 3.11 | |
| Residential (periphery) |
09/12/2018 | 12:38 | 7339 | 4.99 | [3.38, 6.61] | 0.76 | 4.99 | |
| Housing estate | 09/12/2018 | 14:28 | 7400 | 7.80 | [6.18, 9.41] | 5.47 | 5.83 | |
| Park | 10/12/2018 | 16:29 | 7200 | 19.30 | [17.69, 20.92] | 9.59 | 18.40 | |
| Qstarz | Historic center | 30/11/2018 | 11:27 | 7252 | 35.55 | [33.93, 37.16] | 13.5 | 34.00 |
| Residential (family houses) | 04/12/2018 | 15:36 | 7348 | 3.00 | [1.38, 4.61] | 0.85 | 2.90 | |
| Open space | 05/12/2018 | 14:40 | 7358 | 2.09 | [0.48, 3.71] | 0.83 | 2.12 | |
| Residential (periphery) |
09/12/2018 | 12:38 | 7345 | 5.59 | [3.98, 7.21] | 1.19 | 5.68 | |
| Housing estate | 09/12/2018 | 14:28 | 7345 | 12.42 | [10.81, 14.04] | 3.24 | 12.50 | |
| Park | 10/12/2018 | 16:29 | 7186 | 22.75 | [21.13, 24.36] | 7.59 | 22.10 |
Note: Estimated mean error (and 95% CI) obtained from linear mixed model.