Table 1.

Research gaps in the context of exercise interventions following bariatric surgery.

i.	Could exercise prevent major poor outcomes (frailty/sarcopenia, osteoporosis, mortality)?
ii.	In which aspect or condition exercise intervention could replace bariatric surgery in the management of severe obesity?
iii.	What would be the optimal exercise training model (resistance, aerobic, combined) and its delivery method (supervised, semi-supervised, home-based, etc) to elicit the greatest benefits?
iv.	What would be the barriers and facilitators to ensure an optimal adherence in the long run?
v.	Could exercise be effective and safe in adolescents and older adults who have bariatric surgery?
vi.	How distinct surgery techniques (sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass) may influence exercise-related outcomes?
vii.	How patients’ pre-surgery conditions (presence of type 2 diabetes or any other comorbidities) may influence exercise-related outcomes?
viii.	What would be the underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms of exercise?
ix.	Could the implementation of exercise interventions reduce the costs related to bariatric surgery failure, reversal of cardiometabolic improvements or any adverse outcomes?