Table 1.

Summary of example applications of pose estimation in human health and performance across the lifespan.

Domain	Behavior/Movement Pattern Tracked	References
Motor and non-motor development	Infant cruising (early locomotion)	[36]
	Infant play/general movement	[37]
	Infant writhing	[51]
Human performance optimization, injury prevention, and safety	Healthy repetitive movements	[14]
	Healthy gait	[15,26,29,30,31,35,40]
	Sign language	[19]
	Healthy running	[27,35]
	Bilateral squat	[28]
	Healthy gait/jumping/throwing	[29]
	Lifting	[79,84]
	Various unsafe working behaviors	[80,81]
	ACL injury risk	[82,85,86]
	Handcart pushing and pulling	[83]
	Ergonomic postural assessment	[87]
	Remotely-delivered rehabilitation	[88,91,92,93]
	Healthy finger movements	[90]
	Rehabilitation robotics	[94,95,96,97]
	Athletic training	[100,101]
	Swimming	[102]
Clinical motor assessment	Gait in Parkinson’s disease	[25,33,123]
	Knee kinetics in osteoarthritis	[32]
	Gait in cerebral palsy	[34]
	Simulated abnormal gait	[72,74]
	Gait in older adults	[73]
	Fall detection	[76,77,78]
	Dyskinesias in Parkinson’s disease	[118,119,120]
	Gait in older adults with dementia	[124]
	Timed up-and-go in Parkinson’s disease	[125]