Table 1.
Recognized Entomophthora species
| Species | First description | Type host2 | Spore dispersal4 | Presence in GenBank5 | Deposited in ARSEF6 | Altered behavior7 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. brevinucleata1 | Keller and Wilding (1985) | Sitodiplosis phalaridis (Gall midge) | CT | X | ||
| E. byfordii | Keller (2002) | Bradysia sp. (Fungus gnat) | CT | X | X | |
| E. chromadphidis | Burger and Swain (1918) | Chromaphidis juglandicola (Walnut aphid) | CT | X | X | |
| E. culicis | Braun (1855) | Culex pipiens (House mosquito) | CT | X | X | X (Gol’berg 1979) |
| E. erupta | Dustan (1924) | Lygus communis (Tarnished plant bug) | AHT | X | ||
| E. ferdinandii | Keller (2002) | Delia kullensis (Anthonymiid fly) | CT | X | X | X |
| E. grandis | Keller (2002) | Episyrpho balteato (Hoverfly) | CT | X | X | |
| E. helvetica | Ben-Ze’ev' et al. 1(985) | Notostira elongata (Mirid) | CT | X | ||
| E. israelensis | Ben-Ze’ev and Zelig (1984) | Gall midges | CT | X | ||
| E. leyteensis | (Villacarlos et al. 2003) | Tetraleurodes acaciae (Whitefly) | CT | X | ||
| E. muscae | Cohn (1855) | Musca domestica (House fly) | CT | X | X | X |
| E. philippinensis | Villacarlos and Wilding (1994) | Heteropsylla cubana (Jumping louse) | CT | X | ||
| E. planchoniana | Cornu (1873) | Aphis sambuci3 (Elder aphid) | CT | X | X | |
| E. rivularis | Keller (2002) | Plecoptera sp. (Stoneflies) | CT | |||
| E. scatophagae | Giard (1888) | Scatophaga stercoraria (Golden dung fly) | CT | X | X | X |
| E. schizophorae | Keller (1987) | Delia platura (Bean seed fly) | CT | X | X | X |
| E. simulii | Keller (2002) | Simulium lineato (Blackfly) | CT | X | ||
| E. syrphi | Giard (1888) | Melanostoma mellinum (Hoverfly) | CT | X | X | X |
| E. thripidum | Samson et al. (1979) | Thrips tabaci (Onion thrips) | AHT | X | X | X |
| E. trinucleata | Keller (1987) | Sciaridae sp. (Dark-wing fungus gnat) | CT | X | ||
| E. weberi | Lakon (1939) | Raphidia ophiopsis (Snakefly larvae) | AHT | X |
Underlined species are members of the E. muscae species complex per Keller 1984 and Humber 1989. An alternative assessment of the E. muscae species complex includes these four species plus E. brevinucleata, E. israelensis, E. syrphi and E. trinucleata (Keller 1984; Humber 1989)
1This species has been reported as synonymous with E. israelensis (Humber 1989), but was given as a distinct species in Keller (2002)
2The most specific designation of type host is given, according to (Keller 2002)
3Presumed type host based on original description (Keller 2002)
4AHT = active host transmission; CT = cadaver transmission
5Presence in GenBank indicates that at least one sequence annotated with indicated species is present in GenBank (National Institute of Health sequence database, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/). Deposited sequences mostly consist of ITS and rRNA loci, with additional gene sequences available for E. muscae
6USDA Agricultural Research Service Collection of Entomopathogenic Fungal Cultures, https://www.ars.usda.gov/
7X indicates reported altered end-of-life behavior; blank indicates absence of evidence. As rigorous behavioral studies have not taken place in most species, we are inferring behavior modification from death position/stance or aberrant location of corpses (i.e., dead insects where they are not typically found if killed by other means). Absence of evidence for behavior modification does not preclude more subtle behavioral changes that are not conspicuous to the human eye. Reports of altered end-of-life behavior can be found in the first publication describing the species (“First description”), unless where otherwise noted