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. 2021 Nov 12;19:463. doi: 10.1186/s12967-021-03027-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — Dex reduces oxidative stress and consequently alleviates intestinal I/R injury in rats. A Intestinal histopathological changes in rats. B Intestinal damage assessed by Chiu’s score. C Intestinal W/D ratio. D Level of MDA in intestinal tissues of rats. E SOD activity in intestinal tissues of rats. F Serum expression of TNF-α in rats. G Serum expression of IL-6 in rats. H The positive expression of GFAP and S-100β in the intestinal tissue of rats evaluated by IHC. I Western blot analysis for determination of protein expression of S-100β and GFAP in intestinal tissues of rats. J The apoptosis of EGCs in intestinal tissues of rats examined by TUNEL. *p < 0.05 vs. sham-operated rats; ^#p < 0.05 vs. rats with I/R injury; ^&p < 0.05 vs. rats with Dex1 (2.5 μg/(kg/h) Dex) treatment. Measurement data were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Comparison among multiple groups was conducted by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. N = 10