Table 3.
Comparative morphometrics of adult males of Heterorhabditis ruandica n. sp., H. zacatecana n. sp., and of different closely related Heterorhabditis species. All measurements are in µm (except ratios and percentages)
| Species | L | BD | EP | NR | NL | T | SL | GL | a | b | c | c´ | SW% | GS% | D% | Country | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H. amazonensis | 692–826 | 36–43 | 96–116 | 71–88 | 97–114 | 29–41 | 35–45 | 19–23 | 18.7* | 7.7** | 27.5** | 1.3** | 120–187 | 44–56 | 95–109 | Brazil | Andaló et al. (2006) |
| H. atacamensis | 842–1025 | 42–55 | 116–149 | 69–93 | 99–119 | 24–36 | 40–49 | 17–22 | 19.7* | 9.6** | 29.3** | 1.5** | 179–249 | 38–51 | 108–126 | Chile | Edgington et al. (2011) |
| H. bacteriophora | 780–960 | 38–46 | 114–130 | 65–81 | 99–105 | 22–36 | 36–44 | 18–25 | 20.8* | 9.1* | 34.3* | 1.8* | 174 | 50 | 117 | Australia | Poinar (1976) |
| 700–940 | 37–50 | 113–140 | 70–85 | 95–110 | 20–27 | 39–47 | 18–24 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | Argentina | Agüera de Doucet and Doucet (1986) | |
| 689–880 | 38–46 | 78–123 | 55–90 | 92–124 | 21–32 | 34–48 | 17–26 | – | – | – | 1.2* | 147–256 | 41–49 | 68–106 | Australia | Sagun et al. (2015) | |
| 782–927 | 92–120 | 103–139 | 58–76 | 84–105 | 28–37 | 51–53 | 17–26 | 6.6–8.5 | 8.5–10 | 23–32 | 1.4–2.2 | 194–282 | 37–57 | 108–157 | India | Bhat et al. (2019a) | |
| 805–1075 | 42–57 | 84–111 | 84–75 | 80–119 | 24–39 | 39–51 | 17–27 | 16–22 | 7.1–12 | 22–41 | 1.0–1.7 | 170–225 | 40–62 | 77–136 | India | Rana et al. (2020) | |
| as H. argentinensis # | 1000–2000 | 42–70 | 145–170 | 64–82 | 103–120 | 28–49 | 42–49 | 20–26 | 16.7* | 8.3* | 14.3* | 1.4* | 198* | 62* | 92* | Argentina | Stock (1993) |
| as H. heliothidis £ | 1000–1200 | 32–60 | 125* | 125* | 113–131 | 29–36 | 42–52 | 22–27 | 19–35 | 8–11 | 28–38 | 1.3* | 185* | 51* | 95* | USA | Khan et al. (1976) |
| H. baujardi | 818–970 | 45–53 | 71–93 | 54–77 | 105–132 | 28–38 | 33–45 | 18–22 | 16–22 | 6.4–8.8 | 24–33 | 1.5** | 138–208 | 44–61 | 79** | Vietnam | Phan et al. (2003) |
| 710–903 | 40–50 | 83–93 | 53–68 | 98–110 | 33–40 | 43–48 | 20–28 | 16–20 | 6.7–9.3 | 18–28 | – | 154–200 | 47–61 | 80–90 | India | Vanlalhlimpuia et al. (2018) | |
| as H. somsookae # | 737–870 | 37–44 | 68–93 | 72–83 | 90–120 | 20–30 | 32–45 | 17–23 | 20.7** | 8.3** | 32.3** | 1.2** | 133–198 | 42–59 | 74–99 | Thailand | Maneesakorn et al. (2015) |
| H. beicherriana | 889–1192 | 51–73 | 130–157 | 81–108 | 116–143 | 32–45 | 40–49 | 22–27 | 15–23 | 7.2–10 | 22–34 | 1.3–2.3 | 153–208 | 48–59 | 102–120 | China | Li et al. (2012) |
| H. downesi | 699–876 | 33–40 | 86–91 | 62–78 | 97–106 | 29–34 | 41–47 | 17–19 | 26.6* | 8.8** | 27.4** | 1.4** | 170–220 | 36–47 | 90 | Ireland | Stock et al., 2002 |
| H. egyptii + | 594–848 | 31–56 | 80–97 | 56–84 | 96–109 | 23–34 | 25–50 | 16–22 | 17.1* | 6.6** | 19.5** | 1.5* | 120–220 | 40–65 | 84–91 | Egypt | Abd–Elgawad and Ameen (2005) |
| H. floridensis | 785–294 | 43–50 | 104–128 | 73–90 | 97–111 | 29–40 | 36–46 | 17–30 | 19.9* | 7.9** | 24.1** | 1.4** | 133–209 | 47–65 | 112 | USA | Nguyen et al. (2006) |
| H. georgiana | 721–913 | 43–55 | 101–145 | 72–93 | 100–122 | 29–41 | 41–49 | 20–28 | 16.5* | 7.7** | 26.1** | 1.4** | 150–200 | 51–64 | 100–122 | USA | Nguyen et al. (2008) |
| H. hambletoni + | 510–800 | 38–60 | 80–100 | 80–90 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | Brazil | Pereira (1937) |
| H. hoptha $ | 554–837 | – | – | – | – | 30.9* | 43–60 | 26–30 | 18–22 | 5.9–8.2 | 18–37 | 1.1* | 167** | 55** | – | USA | Turco (1970) |
| H. indica | 573–788 | 35–46 | 109–138 | 72–85 | 93–109 | 24–32 | 35–48 | 18–23 | 17.6* | 6.7** | 23.0** | 1.1** | 187 | 49 | 121 | India | Poinar et al. (1992) |
| 724–864 | 41–48 | 96–113 | 63–80 | 89–109 | 29–36 | 30–40 | 21–31 | 17–20 | 7.6–8.6 | 22–27 | 1.4–1.8 | 155–210 | 49–68 | 101–111 | India | Kajol et al. (2020) | |
| 609–916 | 26–50 | 78–109 | 62–83 | 90–116 | 18–33 | 37–48 | 19–26 | 16–28 | 6.5–8.2 | 25–37 | 1.0–1.5 | 116–225 | 49–64 | 86–106 | India | Bhat et al. (2021b) | |
| as H. brevicaudis # | 840–950 | 40–48 | 92–100 | 80–88 | 104–112 | 28–36 | 44–48 | 20–24 | – | – | – | 2.9* | 170* | 47* | 84* | China | Liu (1994) |
| as H. gerrardi # | 508–916 | 34–48 | 93–141 | 54–87 | 78–115 | 28–46 | 34–48 | 16–27 | – | – | – | – | 138–274 | 40–69 | 100–172 | Australia | Plichta et al. (2009) |
| as H. hawaiiensis # | 864–1130 | 49–84 | 71–146 | 67–112 | 100–149 | 26–40 | 40–51 | 18–26 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | USA | Gardner et al. (1994) |
| as H. pakistanense # | 720–1013 | 38–43 | 112–133 | 80–110 | 100–105 | 30–42 | 35–42 | 20–22 | 18–24 | 7.2–9.8 | 19–25 | 1.4** | 144–191 | 48–65 | 110–126 | Pakistan | Shahina et al. (2017) |
| H. marelatus | 805–1046 | 48–56 | 110–168 | 61–95 | 99–123 | 24–38 | 41–49 | 18–22 | 15.5* | 7.8** | 30.0** | 1.1** | 196 | 36–50 | 113** | USA | Liu and Berry (1996) |
| 960–1010 | 48–80 | 107–116 | 89–95 | 115–130 | 37–47 | 48–52 | 21–24 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | USA | Stock (1997) | |
| as H. hepialius # | 8000–1000 | 65–98 | 102–131 | 84–114 | 113–139 | 37–49 | 42–52 | 17–24 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | USA | Stock et al. (1996) |
| H. megidis | 800–1100 | 44–50 | 139–176 | 96–112 | 122–134 | 35–43 | 46–54 | 17–24 | 18–22 | 7–9 | 23–31 | 1.6* | 188 | 43 | 122 | USA | Poinar et al. (1987) |
| H. mexicana | 614–801 | 38–47 | 108–145 | 61–83 | 89–108 | 21–36 | 30–47 | 18–32 | 21.7* | 6.8** | 27.6** | 1.1** | 130–196 | 43–70 | 114–149 | Mexico | Nguyen et al. (2004) |
| H. noenieputensis | 530–775 | 34–46 | 75–102 | 64–75 | 88–106 | 21–32 | 37–49 | 17–24 | 14–18 | 5.6–7.9 | 21–33 | 1.1–1.7 | 202–301 | 38–56 | 81–108 | S. Africa | Malan et al. (2014) |
| H. poinari $ | 970–1100 | 43–70 | – | – | 150–150 | 36–65 | 43–55 | 24–32 | 95–100 | 51–95 | 11–97 | – | – | – | – | USA | Kakulia and Mikaia (1997) |
| H. ruandica Rw14_NC4a | 652–863 | 40–51 | 61–109 | 56–74 | 84–117 | 21–29 | 34–50 | 16–23 | 15–21 | 5.8–9.7 | 23–36 | 0.6–1.7 | 150–306 | 35–57 | 61–97 | Rwanda | This study |
| H. safricana | 777–1009 | 40–58 | 104–147 | 52–61 | 105–126 | 27–49 | 35–54 | 19–27 | 20.1* | 7.9** | 43.0** | 1.5* | 130–259 | 43–62 | 92–133 | S. Africa | Malan et al. (2008) |
| H. taysearae | 648–736 | 38–48 | 78–120 | 54–88 | 85–123 | 20–29 | 30–42 | 12–21 | 15.1* | 6.5** | 14.0** | 1.3** | 156 | 46 | 88 | Egypt | Shamseldean et al. (1996) |
| as H. sonorensis # | 500–750 | 32–42 | 60–84 | 60–80 | 80–100 | 25–45 | 31–45 | 20–31 | – | – | – | – | 110–180 | 40–75 | 72–91 | Mexico | Stock et al. (2009) |
| H. zealandica | 848–1044 | 36–45 | 130–150 | – | 110–128 | 30–41 | 48–55 | 19–25 | – | – | – | 1.7* | 246 | 44 | 118 | N. Zealand | Poinar (1990) |
| as H. heliothidis # | 848–1044 | 36–45 | 130–150 | – | 110–128 | 30–41 | 48–55 | 19–25 | – | – | – | 1.7* | 246 | 44 | 118 | N. Zealand | Wouts (1979) |
| H. zacatecana MEX–39 | 811–914 | 41–56 | 77–109 | 60–78 | 71–108 | 21–33 | 38–55 | 15–25 | 15–25 | 7.6–12 | 26–43 | 1.2–2.5 | 170–320 | 40–60 | 78–134 | Mexico | This study |