Table 1. Sociodemographic and Anthropometric Characteristics Among Adults (N = 3,166), Mexico National Survey of Health and Nutrition Mid-way 2016a .
| Characteristic | Total, % (95% CI) | Men, % (95% CI) | Women, % (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 100.0 | 49.3 (44.7–53.9) | 50.7 (46.1–55.3) |
| Age group, y | |||
| 20–39 | 48.7 (44.4–53.0) | 50.9 (44.3–57.5) | 46.6 (41.6–51.6) |
| 40–59 | 35.7 (31.9–39.7) | 32.7 (27.3–38.7) | 38.6 (33.9–43.4) |
| ≥60 | 15.6 (13.5–17.9) | 16.3 (13.3–19.9) | 14.9 (12.2–18.0) |
| Area | |||
| Rural | 23.4 (20.2–26.9) | 23.3 (19.1–28.0) | 23.5 (19.9–27.5) |
| Urban | 76.6 (73.1–79.8) | 76.7 (71.9–80.9) | 76.5 (72.5–80.1) |
| Socioeconomic statusb | |||
| Low | 20.8 (17.8–24.1) | 20.9 (16.9–25.7) | 20.6 (17.5–24.2) |
| Medium | 30.5 (27.1–34.1) | 32.0 (26.3–38.3) | 29.0 (25.2–33.1) |
| High | 48.8 (44.1–53.4) | 47.1 (39.5–54.8) | 50.4 (45.1–55.6) |
| Educational level | |||
| Primary or less | 36.1 (32.3–40.1) | 35.5 (22.9–41.4) | 36.6 (31.9–41.7) |
| Middle school or high school | 28.9 (25.2–33.0) | 27.2 (21.5–33.7) | 30.7 (25.5–36.3) |
| University levelc | 35.0 (30.2–40.1) | 37.4 (30.1–45.2) | 32.7 (26.7–39.5) |
| Region | |||
| North | 26.1 (22.6–30.0) | 25.4 (20.2–31.5) | 26.8 (21.6–32.8) |
| Central Mexico and Mexico City | 47.6 (42.9–52.3) | 48.8 (41.3–56.4) | 46.4 (41.0–51.9) |
| South | 26.3 (22.7–30.3) | 25.8 (21.1–31.1) | 26.8 (22.6–31.4) |
| Body mass index classification | |||
| Normal weight (18.5–24.9) | 22.2 (19.7–24.9) | 25.5 (21.3–30.3) | 19.0 (16.1–22.2) |
| Overweight (25.0–29.9) | 42.2 (37.8–46.6) | 46.3 (39.4–53.3) | 38.2 (33.1–43.6) |
| Obese (≥30.0) | 35.0 (30.9–39.4) | 27.8 (22.5–33.7) | 42.0 (36.8–47.4) |
| Waist circumferenced, cm | |||
| Quintile 1 | 79.5 (78.8–80.2) | 80.7 (79.9–81.6) | 78.5 (77.5–79.6) |
| Quintile 2 | 88.9 (88.3–89.7) | 89.3 (88.3–90.4) | 88.6 (88.2–88.9) |
| Quintile 3 | 95.0 (94.8–95.3) | 94.9 (94.6–95.4) | 95.0 (94.7–95.3) |
| Quintile 4 | 101.0 (100.7–101.4) | 101.4 (100.9–101.9) | 100.6 (100.3–101.0) |
| Quintile 5 | 115.3 (114.1–116.6) | 115.3 (113.8–116.8) | 115.4 (113.8–116.9) |
| Metabolic syndromee | |||
| No | 40.4 (35.7–45.3) | 43.7 (36.0–51.7) | 37.2 (31.6–43.2) |
| Yes | 59.6 (54.7–64.3) | 56.3 (48.3–64.0) | 62.8 (56.8–68.4) |
| Metabolic syndrome components | |||
| Abdominal obesity | 78.6 (75.3–81.6) | 67.7 (61.3–73.5) | 89.3 (86.8–91.4) |
| Hyperglycemia | 31.7 (28.3–35.2) | 31.0 (25.4–37.2) | 32.3 (28.3–36.6) |
| Hypertriglyceridemia | 56.3 (51.6–60.8) | 59.4 (51.4–66.8) | 53.2 (47.7–58.7) |
| Hypoalphalipoproteinemia | 75.1 (70.9–78.9) | 71.2 (64.4–77.1) | 78.9 (73.9–83.4) |
| Hypertension | 34.9 (31.1–39.0) | 38.4 (32.1– 45.1) | 31.6 (27.3–36.3) |
| Screen-based sedentary timef, h/d | |||
| ≤2 | 47.4 (42.9–51.9) | 40.0 (33.7–46.6) | 54.5 (48.9–59.9) |
| 2–4 | 25.7 (22.5–29.2) | 28.4 (22.9–34.6) | 23.1 (19.1–27.6) |
| >4 | 26.9 (22.4–32.0) | 31.6 (23.9–40.4) | 22.4 (17.9–27.6) |
| Physical activityg | |||
| Inactive | 13.7 (11.0–16.9) | 12.4 (8.8–17.3) | 14.9 (10.9–19.9) |
| Active | 86.3 (83.1–88.9) | 87.6 (82.7–91.2) | 85.1 (80.1–89.1) |
| Time sleeping, h/d | |||
| <7 | 29.1 (24.5–34.1) | 33.6 (26.2–41.9) | 24.7 (20.1–29.9) |
| 7–9 | 65.9 (61.2–70.5) | 63.0 (54.9–70.3) | 68.9 (63.6–73.7) |
| >9 | 4.9 (3.8–6.4) | 3.4 (2.3–4.9) | 6.4 (4.5–9.1) |
Statistical estimators were adjusted by the design of complex surveys.
Socioeconomic status score was obtained with principal components analysis (household characteristics, goods, and services available were considered) and expressed as tertiles. Tertile 1 refers to the lowest score or low socioeconomic status; tertile 2 refers to the middle score or medium socioeconomic status; and tertile 3 is the category with the highest score or highest socioeconomic status.
University comprises college and bachelor studies.
For men, quintile 1 was 66.6–85.4; quintile 2, 85.5–91.9; quintile 3, 92.0–97.4; quintile 4, 97.5–105.0; quintile 5, 105.1–172.3. For women quintile 1, 50.5–85.4; quintile 2, 85.5–91.9; quintile 3, 92.0–97.4; quintile 4, 97.5–105.0; quintile 5, 105.1–167.4. Quintile 1 of waist circumference is the reference for men and women.
Harmonizing metabolic syndrome, defined as having 3 or more of the following: waist circumference of ≥90 cm in men or ≥80 cm in women; triglycerides of ≥150 mg/dL or received pharmacologic treatment for hypertriglyceridemia; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of <40 mg/dL in men or <50 mg/dL in women; systolic blood pressure of ≥130 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure of ≥85 mm Hg, or a medical diagnosis of hypertension; fasting glucose of ≥100 mg/dL or previously diagnosed diabetes.
Screen-based sedentary time was obtained by counting hours per week spent watching television, playing video games, and using a computer or smart telephone.
Categorized according to World Health Organization recommendations, inactive defined as <150 min/wk or active defined as ≥150 min/wk of moderate to vigorous physical activity.