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. 2021 Nov 11;87(1):108. doi: 10.5334/aogh.3381

Table 3.

WASH Access and behavior.


VARIABLE TOTAL (N = 937) NO. (%) NON-MIGRANTS(N = 717) NO. (%) MIGRANTS (N = 220) NO. (%) P

Lives in urban area 416 (44.4) 288 (40.2) 128 (58.2) <0.001

Lives in temporary hut or bamboo house 215 (23.2) 146 (20.7) 69 (31.5) 0.001

Improved source of drinking water 796 (86.2) 636 (89.8) 160 (74.4) <0.001

Improved source of household water 800 (86.8) 627 (88.6) 173 (80.8) 0.004

Improved sanitation facility 842 (91.5) 657 (93.1) 185 (86.4) 0.002

Always wash hands with soapc 342 (38.2) 272 (39.8) 70 (33.2) 0.085

    After using toilet 807 (90.8) 629 (92.5) 178 (85.2) 0.001

    Before hand or breastfeeding children 381 (76.8) 301 (80.3) 80 (66.1) 0.001

    Before cooking or preparing food 622 (87.1%) 500 (89.1) 122 (79.7) 0.002

Statistical significance based on chi-square tests between migrants and non-migrants.

c Handwashing: Each outcome variable is measured as 1 = always 0 = not always. “Always” variable is before/after each of 5 activities (toileting, cleaning child’s bottom, feeding, eating and cooking).