Skip to main content
. 2021 Sep;111(9):1686–1695. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2021.306389

TABLE 1—

Baseline Characteristics for Randomized Trial of a Mobile Messaging Intervention for Waterpipe Tobacco Cessation in Young Adults: United States, 2018‒2020

Overall
(n =  349), Mean ±SD or % (No.)
Control
(n = 119), Mean ±SD or % (No.)
Untailored Intervention
(n =  117), Mean ±SD or % (No.)
Tailored Intervention
(n = 113), Mean ±SD or % (No.)
Age 24.0 ±3.4 23.9 ±3.4 23.7 ±3.5 24.6 ±3.5
Gender
 Female 53.6 (187) 59.7 (71) 48.7 (57) 52.2 (59)
 Male 46.4 (162) 40.3 (48) 51.3 (60) 47.8 (54)
Race
 White 42.1 (147) 42.9 (51) 36.8 (43) 46.9 (53)
 Non-White 57.9 (202) 57.1 (68) 63.2 (74) 53.1 (60)
Hispanic ethnicity
 Yes 11.5 (40) 12.6 (15) 12.0 (14) 9.8 (11)
 No 88.3 (308) 87.4 (104) 88.0 (103) 90.2 (101)
Education
 < college 16.0 (56) 13.4 (16) 20.5 (24) 14.2 (16)
 Some college or higher 84.0 (293) 86.6 (103) 79.5 (93) 85.8 (97)
Employment
 Not full-time employed 58.1 (203) 56.3 (67) 63.2 (74) 46.0 (52)
 Full-time employed 44.7 (156) 43.7 (52) 36.8 (43) 53.9 (61)
Annual household income, $
 ≤ 50 000 65.3 (228) 62.2 (74) 63.2 (74) 70.8 (80)
 > 50 000 34.4 (120) 37.8 (45) 35.9 (42) 29.2 (33)
Waterpipe smoking frequency
 Infrequent (i.e., monthly) 34.7 (121) 33.6 (40) 35.0 (41) 35.4 (40)
 Frequent (i.e., weekly or daily) 65.3 (228) 66.4 (79) 65.0 (76) 64.6 (73)
Past-30-d waterpipe smoking, days 11.3 ±9.1 11.1 ±9.2 10.6 ±8.7 12.2 ±9.3
Waterpipe tobacco dependence 6.7 ±5.3 7.0 ±5.6 6.4 ±4.9 6.7 ±5.4
Motivation to quit waterpipe tobacco 2.7 ±1.6 2.9 ±1.6 2.5 ±1.6 2.6 ±1.6
Current cigarette smoker 29.2 (102) 37.8 (45) 24.8 (29) 24.8 (28)
Any other tobacco use, past 30 d 67.9 (237) 67.2 (80) 69.2 (81) 67.2 (80)
Days drinking alcohol, past 30 d 7.5 ±7.0 8.4 ±7.6 6.7 ±6.1 7.4 ±7.2

Note. For some variables (e.g., Hispanic ethnicity), numbers for categories do not sum to the total sample size because of sporadic missing data (1 or 2 cases in each instance).