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E: egg; L1-L4: the first- to fourth-instar larvae; PP: pre-pupae; P: pupae; A: adult. MG: midgut; MT: malpighian tubule; FB: fat body; HL: haemolymph; IN: integument. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences (one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison tests, P < 0.05).
