Table 1.
Test materials, composition, and manufacturer details.
| Material and manufacturer | Type and Preparation Mode | Composition | Shade/Batch number | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Temporary crown and bridge materials | Duralay (Reliance, Alsip IL, USA) | Self-curing temporary crown and bridge material (powder and liquid manual mix) | PMMA > 98% | 69/071817 |
| CAD/CAM PMMA Blocks (NHT High Technology, Latvia) | Monolayer dental milling block | PMMA | A1/171203010 | |
| Protemp 4 (3M, ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) | Bis-acrylic composite, chemical-cure temporary crown and bridge material, auto-mix | Bis-GMA and a second functionalized dimethacrylate resin, silanated zirconia–silica and fumed silica fillers. Filler loading: 78 wt% (0.6 μm) | A2/4108536 | |
| Luxatemp Star (DMG, Hamburg, Germany) | Bis-acrylic composite, chemical-cure temporary crown and bridge material, auto-mix | Glass filler in a matrix of multifunctional methacrylates, catalysts, stabilizers, and additives. Free of PMMA. Filler loading: 42 wt% = 24 vol% (0.02–2.5 μm) | A2/795205 | |
| Bonding agents | 3M Single Bond Universal Adhesive (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) | Light-cure adhesive | MDP phosphate monomer, dimethacrylate resins, HEMA, Vitrebond copolymer, filler, ethanol, water, initiators, and silane | 661,539 |
| Tokuyama Universal Primer (Tokuyama Dental, Taitou-kuTokyo, Japan) | Primer | MTU-6 (thiouracil monomer), 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, phosphoric acid monomer, MAC-10, bis-GMA, TEGDMA, UDMA, ethanol, and acetone | 013 | |
| Repair material | Filtek Z350 XT flowable (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany) | Visible light-activated flowable nanocomposite | Matrix: bis-GMA, TEGDMA, procrylat resins. Fillers: ytterbium trifluoride (0.1–5.0 μm), non-agglomerated/non-aggregated surface-modified 20-nm silica, surface-modified aggregated zirconia/silica clusters (0.6–10 μm), 65 wt%, 46 vol% | A2/N959610 |
PMMA: polymethylmethacrylate, HEMA: hydroxyethylmethacrylate, MDP: methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate, MTU-6: 6-methacryloxyhexyl 2-thiouracil-5-carboxylate, MAC-10: 10-undecanedicarboxylic acid, bis-GMA: bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate, TEGDMA: triethylene glycol dimethacrylate, UDMA: urethane dimethacrylate.