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. 2021 Oct 26;8:759292. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.759292

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Copyright © 2021 Jin, Yan, Lu, Lu, Zhang and Lin.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients show functional alteration in T cells. (A) Representative flow-cytometry plots, as well as the proportion of granzyme and perforin in CD8+T cells, are shown. (B) Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy controls and CHB patients were incubated for 3 h after stimulating by specialized tubes containing stimulating agents (PMA) and ionomycin. The proportion of CD8+ CTL cells positive for IFN-r and the gating strategy for analyzing the cytokine secretion capacity of CD4+ TH cells are shown in representative flow-cytometry plots. (C) Comparison of granzyme and perforin expression in CD8+ cells in healthy controls (n = 15) and CHB patients (n = 48). (D) Comparison of the functions of various types of cytokine secretion by T cells subset between healthy controls (n = 15) and CHB patients (n = 31).