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. 2021 Nov 12;45(12):110. doi: 10.1007/s10916-021-01785-w
Independent Variable (IV) Dependent Variable (DV) Mediator (M) n Effect 95% CI Bias
Low High
Hedonic Motivation Use-Behavior Behavioral Intention 89 βc =  0.42* 0.21 0.55 0.02
βa =  0.67* 0.51 0.76 0.02
βb =  0.44* 0.15 0.66 0.00
βaxb =  0.29* 0.09 0.46 0.01
βc’ =  0.13 –0.13 0.36 0.01

βa is an effect of IV on M, βb is an effect of M on DV, βc is a direct effect of IV on DV without mediation, βaxb is an indirect effect of IV on DV (βa x βb), βc’ is a direct effect of  IV on DV with mediation (βc - βaxb), IV is Independent Variable, M is Mediation Variable, DV is Dependent Variable

*significant, i.e. zero outside 95% confidence interval