Table 5.
Adjusted Linear Regression analysis of subjective sleep and objective sleep measures
| Sleep Duration, Minutes β (95% CI)a |
Midpoint, Decimal hours β (95% CI)a |
Sleep Fragmentation, Percentage β (95% CI)a |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Weekday | Weekend | Total | Weekday | Weekend | Total | Weekday | Weekend | |
| Self-reported hard time falling asleep, ≥ 3 nights | 8.7 (−3.9, 21.3) | 11.3 (−4.6, 27.2)* | −2.2 (−18.5, 13.3) | 0.32 (0.08, 0.55)* | 0.34 (0.08, 0.60)* | 0.26 (0.02, 0.51)* | 0.45 (−0.24, 1.1) | 0.20 (−0.59, 1.0) | 0.88 (−0.14, 1.9) |
| Self-reported sleep difficulties, ≥ 3 nights | −20.8 (−35.3, −6.2)* | −30.2 (−48.5, −11.9)* | −13.2 (−31.8, 5.4) | −0.11 (−0.38, 0.16) | −0.09 (−0.40, 0.21) | −0.08 (−0.36, 0.21) | 0.28 (−0.53, 1.1) | −0.05 (−0.98, 0.88) | 1.2 (−0.01 2.4)* |
| Insomnia/Restlessness Sleep Difficulties (IRSD) | −13.2 (−27.3, −0.89)* | −19.2 (−36.9, −1.4)* | −12.5 (−30.3, 5.3) | 0.13 (−0.13, 0.40) | 0.14 (−0.15, 0.43) | 0.17 (−0.10, 0.44) | 0.18 (−0.59, 0.96) | −0.05 (−0.95, 0.84) | 0.77 (−0.37, 1.9) |
| Environmental Sleep Difficulties (ESD) | −4.6 (−19.1, 9.9) | 1.3 (−17.0, 19.6) | −14.3 (−32.5, 4.0) | −0.05 (−0.32, 0.22) | −0.06 (−0.36, 0.24) | 0.02 (−0.26, 0.30) | 0.87 (0.08, 1.7)* | 0.70 (−0.21, 1.6) | 1.1 (0.11, 2.2)* |
| Mental/Emotional Sleep Difficulties (MESD) | −18.8 (−35.4, −2.4)* | −28.5 (−49.1, −7.8)* | −0.26 (−21.1, 20.5) | −0.21 (−0.52, 0.10) | −0.26 (−0.60, 0.07) | −0.02 (−0.34, 0.30) | 0.69 (−0.22, 1.6) | 0.31 (−0.74, 1.4) | 1.7 (0.4, 3.0)* |
| Injury/Illness Sleep Difficulties (IISD) | 12.6 (−8.2. 33.4) | 13.9 (−12.3, 40.1) | 9.9 (−16.3, 36.1) | 0.25 (−0.13, 0.64) | 0.31 (−0.12, 0.74) | −0.10 (−0.30, 0.50) | −0.65 (−1.8, 0.50) | −0.86 (−2.2, 0.46) | −0.36 (−2.0, 1.3) |
| Technology Sleep Difficulties (TSD) | 2.6 (−37.5, 42.7) | −0.11 (−50.6, 50.4) | 8.6 (−41.3, 58.5) | 0.93 (0.20, 1.7)* | 0.99 (0.17, 1.8)* | 0.78 (0.02, 1.5)* | 2.3 (0.11, 4.5)* | 3.2 (0.73, 5.8)* | −0.29 (−3.5, 2.9) |
a
Includes adjustment for sex, age, SES, bedroom sharing, physical activity (tertiles, h/wk), food insecurity, caffeinated beverage consumption (tertiles, mg/day), technology use <1 before bed, screen time (tertiles, h/wk)
*
p <0.05 (2-tailed),
**
p-value < 0.0001 (2-tailed)
ABR: SD: Sleep Difficulties; CI: Confidence Interval; SES: socioeconomic status