Table 1.
Characteristics of (1) users of Veterans Health Administration (VHA), (2) non-hospitalized people with COVID-19, (3) hospitalized COVID-19 but not admitted to intensive care, and (4) hospitalized COVID-19 admitted to intensive care.
| VHA users n = 4,397,509 | COVID-19 without hospitalization n = 155,987 | Hospitalized COVID-19 without admit to intensive care n = 19,359 | COVID-19 admitted to intensive care n = 6038 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (IQR) | 67.13 | 62.21 | 70.46 | 70.79 |
| (53.12, 74.48) | (49.63, 72.60) | (61.03, 76.05) | (62.26, 75.66) | |
| Race, White (%) | 3,369,525 (76.62) | 112,637 (72.21) | 12,320 (63.64) | 3755 (62.19) |
| Race, Black (%) | 821,787 (18.69) | 35,945 (23.04) | 5972 (30.85) | 1930 (31.96) |
| Race, other (%) | 206,197 (4.69) | 7405 (4.75) | 1067 (5.51) | 353 (5.85) |
| Sex, male (%) | 3,978,601 (90.47) | 137,767 (88.32) | 18,197 (94.00) | 5714 (94.63) |
| Sex, female (%) | 418,908 (9.53) | 18,220 (11.68) | 1162 (6.00) | 324 (5.37) |
| Long-term care (%) | 26,246 (0.60) | 4090 (2.62) | 1900 (9.81) | 537 (8.89) |
| Number of outpatient encounter (IQR)a | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (2, 3) | 6 (4, 8) | 6 (4, 8) |
| Number of hospital admission (IQR)a | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 0) | 0 (0, 1) | 0 (0, 1) |
| Number of prescriptions received (IQR)a | 5 (3, 11) | 8 (4, 14) | 13 (7, 20) | 14 (8, 20) |
| Number of outpatient eGFR measurements (IQR)a | 1 (0, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 3 (1, 6) | 3 (1, 7) |
| Area Deprivation Index (IQR) | 53.91 | 54.31 | 53.92 | 54.75 |
| (41.89, 62.66) | (43.52, 62.97) | (42.87, 61.31) | (42.87, 62.20) | |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (IQR) | 0 (0, 1) | 1 (0, 2) | 2 (1, 4) | 2 (1, 5) |
| Anxiety (%) | 376,584 (8.56) | 17,523 (11.23) | 3711 (19.17) | 1113 (18.43) |
| Cancer (%) | 281,992 (6.41) | 11,164 (7.16) | 2778 (14.35) | 885 (14.66) |
| Cardiovascular disease (%) | 577,784 (13.14) | 23,145 (14.84) | 5779 (29.85) | 2025 (33.54) |
| Chronic kidney disease (%) | 594,808 (13.53) | 24,522 (15.72) | 6344 (32.77) | 2140 (35.44) |
| Chronic lung disease (%) | 495,853 (11.28) | 20,816 (13.34) | 4609 (23.81) | 1638 (27.13) |
| Cerebrovascular disease (%) | 197,540 (4.49) | 8556 (5.49) | 2606 (13.46) | 762 (12.62) |
| Dementia (%) | 138,709 (3.15) | 7162 (4.59) | 2619 (13.53) | 700 (11.59) |
| Depression (%) | 305,704 (6.95) | 15,671 (10.05) | 2919 (15.08) | 831 (13.76) |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 1,040,084 (23.65) | 46,737 (29.96) | 8868 (45.81) | 3018 (49.98) |
| Hepatitis C (%) | 12,833 (0.29) | 599 (0.38) | 233 (1.20) | 68 (1.13) |
| Hyperlipidemia (%) | 1,157,588 (26.32) | 53,080 (34.03) | 6435 (33.24) | 2108 (34.91) |
| Hypertension (%) | 1,183,516 (26.91) | 49,145 (31.51) | 7830 (40.45) | 2337 (38.70) |
| Peripheral artery disease (%) | 40,250 (0.92) | 1800 (1.15) | 664 (3.43) | 219 (3.63) |
| Overweight (%) | 1,544,583 (35.12) | 50,012 (32.06) | 5872 (30.33) | 1763 (29.20) |
| Obesity (%) | 2,019,446 (45.92) | 85,578 (54.86) | 9408 (48.60) | 3148 (52.14) |
| Never smoke (%) | 2,211,177 (50.28) | 84,853 (54.40) | 9576 (49.47) | 2979 (49.34) |
| Former smoker (%) | 1,151,586 (26.19) | 43,231 (27.71) | 6020 (31.10) | 1900 (31.47) |
| Current smoker (%) | 1,034,746 (23.53) | 27,903 (17.89) | 3763 (19.44) | 1159 (19.20) |
| Follow-up days (IQR) | 150 (115, 221) | 149 (114, 209) | 155 (117, 262) | 173 (124, 282) |
| Total person-years (sum) | 2,112,246.94 | 73,438.22 | 9940.89 | 3336.82 |
aData collected within 1 year before the cohort enrollment.