Table 2.
Overall burden of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) per 1000 persons at 6 months in the overall cohort and across care setting (non-hospitalized, hospitalized, and admitted to intensive care during the acute phase of the infection).
| COVID-19 group | Users of the VHA without COVID-19 | Burden associated with COVID-19b | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted burden per 1000 persons at 6 months (95% CI) | Adjusted burden per 1000 persons at 6 months (95% CI) | Adjusted burden per 1000 persons at 6 months (95% CI) | |
| Overall | 168.01 | 94.56 | 73.43 |
| (166.68, 169.29) | (94.23, 94.88) | (72.10, 74.72) | |
| Non-hospitalized COVID-19a | 139.07 | 94.56 | 44.51 |
| (137.63, 140.44) | (94.23, 94.88) | (43.09, 45.85) | |
| Hospitalized COVID-19a | 311.61 | 94.56 | 217.08 |
| (306.90, 316.82) | (94.23, 94.88) | (212.43, 222.23) | |
| COVID-19 admitted to ICUa | 454.74 | 94.56 | 360.16 |
| (445.01, 463.92) | (94.23, 94.88) | (350.53, 369.38) |
aCare settings during the first 30 days of infection.
bBurden defined as having at least one sequela in excess of users of the Veterans Health Administration without COVID-19 after the first 30 days of infection. Burdens were estimated based on Poisson regressions adjusting for age, race, sex, receipt of long-term care, Area Deprivation Index, number of outpatient encounters, number of hospital admissions, number of outpatient prescriptions, number of outpatient serum creatinine measurements, chronic lung disease, cancer, cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, dementia, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, depression, anxiety, chronic kidney disease, hepatitis C and peripheral artery disease, overweight, obesity, smoking status, Charlson Comorbidity Index, US geographic region, total number of beds, number of COVID-19 tests administered, COVID-19 positivity rate, and average hospital bed occupancy during the week of participant enrollment.