Table 1.
Biomarkers meeting WHO Sensitivity (>90%) and Specificity (>70%) Criteria.
| Biomarker | Study | Country | Sensitivity (95% CI) | Specificity (95% CI) | People with TB (Total Participants) | Risk of Bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Host Antibodies | ||||||
| anti-TB Specific Antigen IgG | Jiao 2015 [27] | China | 96.8% (88.8–99.5%) | 85.1% (71.7–93.8) | 62 (1 0 9) | High |
| anti-A60 IgG | Meena 2002 [38] | India | 89.7% (75.0–97.0%) | 97.5% (85.3–99.9%) | 39 (79) | High |
| anti-6, 27, 30 and 38 kDa IgG | Tiwari 2013 [52] | India | 97.5% (95.9%-98.5%) | 97.4% (95.6–98.5%) | 538 (1179) | High |
| anti-Rv0220 IgG | You 2017 [67] | China | 91.3% (83.1–95.9%) | 97.8% (91.6–99.6%) | 92 (1 8 4) | High |
| Anti-Curli Pilli IgG | Naidoo 2017 [42] | South Africa | 100.0% (89.0–100.0%) | 90.0% (67.0–98.0%) | 40 (60) | High |
| Anti-Rv3403c and anti-Rv0222 IgG | Naidoo 2017 [42] | South Africa | 90.5% (80.9–95.8%) | 70.0% (53.3%-82.9%) | 40 (60) | High |
| SEVA TB ES-31 IgG and IgA | Gupta 2002 [24] | India | 90.0% (72.3–97.4%) | 70.0% (50.4–84.6%) | 60 (30) | High |
| Anti-MTB glycolipid IgG | Tiwari 2005 [53] | India | 92.6% (89.3–95.0%) | 94.6% (92.5–96.1%) | 364 (1031) | High |
| Latex Agglutination Test | Bhaskar 2003 [72] | India | 92.9% (91.0–94.5%) | 90.0% (83.5–94.2%) | 918 (1058) | Low |
| Host Protein | ||||||
| Protein Z + Amyloid A + C4 Binding Protein Beta Subunit | Jiang 2017 [26] | China | 97.6% (92.2–99.1%) | 95.5% (86.4–98.8%) | 136 (2 0 2) | High |
| Phosphatidylcholine (12:0/22:2) | Han 2020 [78] | China | 91.2% (75.2–97.7%) | 76.5% (65.8–84.7%) | 119 (34) | High |
| APOCII, CD5L, and RBP4 | Xu 2014 [64] | China | 93.4% (84.7–97.6%) | 92.9% (81.9–97.7%) | 76 (1 3 2) | High |
| I-309, MIG, IL-8, 38KDa, 32KDa, 14-16KDa, and Ag85B | Chen 2015 [19] | China | 91.0% (81.8–96.0%) | 90.8% (84.1–94.9%) | 60 (2 0 8) | High |
| TB Proteins | ||||||
| Ribokinase | Luo 2019 [36] | China | 90.0% (81.4–91.8%) | 86.0% (76.2–91.8%) | 90 (1 8 0) | High |
| Rv2970c | Gupta 2016 [23] | India | 98.6% (94.9–99.5%) | 98.2% (93.6–99.5%) | 140 (2 5 0) | High |
| Rv2145c | Gupta 2016 [23] | India | 97.9% (93.9–100.0%) | 100% (96.6–100.0%) | 140 (2 5 0) | High |
| Rv1827 | Gupta 2016 [23] | India | 97.1% (92.9–97.3%) | 93.6% (87.4–96.9%) | 140 (2 5 0) | High |
| Rv1437 | Gupta 2016 [23] | India | 92.7% (87.3–93.6%) | 89.1% (81.9–93.6%) | 140 (2 5 0) | High |
| PstS1, Rv0831c, FbpA, EspB, BfrB, HspX, and Ssb | Burbelo 2015 [94] | Thailand | 90.0% (77.5–100.0%) | 100.0% (88.6–100.0%) | 56 (94) | High |
| MicroRNAs and TB Gene PCRs | ||||||
| TB Gene IS 6110 PCR | Hira 2010 [25] | India | 96.2% (85.7–99.33%) | 87.0% (77.0–93.3%) | 52 (1 2 9) | Low |
| Combination of 6 microRNAs | Zhang 2013 [73] | China | 95.0% (89.0%-98.3%) | 92.1% (83.8–96.5%) | 108 (1 9 6) | High |
| RISK6 Gene PCR | Penn-Nicholson 2020 [95] | South Africa | 90.2% (77.8–96.3%) | 93.4% (83.3–97.9%) | 93 (1 9 4) | High |
| RISK6 Gene PCR | Bayaa 2021 [90] | Georgia, Madagascar, Lebanon, Bangladesh | 90.1% (84.4–94.8%) | 80.3% (68.8–88.4%) | 71 (2 1 2) | High |