Table 3.

Exponentiated Ordinal Logistic Regression showing the perceived impact of COVID-19 among respondents (n = 198)

Variables	Categories	OR (95% CI)	Sig.
Gender	Female	.	.
	Male	1.3 (0.67,2.51)	0.438
Age	40+ years (ref)	.	.
	30–39 years	1.09 (0.36,3.31)	0.885
	21–29 years	1.46 (0.52,4.07)	0.473
	18–20 years	0.76 (0.27,2.16)	0.604
Regional origin	Asia (ref)	.	.
	Sub-Saharan Africa	0.92 (0.27,3.15)	0.894
	North Africa and Middle East	0.39 (0.17,0.94)	0.036a
	Europe, Americas & Others	0.3 (0.13,0.72)	0.007a
Visa on Arrival	Skilled (ref)	.	.
	Humanitarian	1.43 (0.47,4.41)	0.529
	Temporary	1.32 (0.42,4.18)	0.641
	Others	2.68 (1.03,6.99)	0.044a
Residency status	Citizen (ref)	.	.
	Temporary	4.43 (0.86,22.99)	0.076
	Permanent	4.41 (1.69,11.53)	0.002a
Years in Australia	15+ years (ref)	.	.
	6–14 years	1.61 (0.75,3.43)	0.222
	0–5 years	0.4 (0.13,1.22)	0.108
Number of children	5+ children (ref)	.	.
	3–4 children	2.36 (0.56,9.98)	0.245
	0–2 children	4.21 (1.1,16.2)	0.036a
Household size	6+ people (ref)	.	.
	4–5 people	0.65 (0.18,2.41)	0.518
	1–3 people	0.31 (0.09,1.11)	0.072
Employment status	Employed (ref)	.	.
	Unemployed	3.53 (1.16,10.73)	0.026a
	Others	2.34 (0.9,6.07)	0.081
Work situation	Permanent (ref)	.	.
	Temporary	0.5 (0.2,1.28)	0.148
	Casual	0.2 (0.08,0.51)	0.001a
Work Fraction	0.8–1.0 FTE (ref)	.	.
	0.5–0.7 FTE	1.1 (0.48,2.55)	0.824
	0.2–0.4 FTE	1.29 (0.42,3.98)	0.654
Education level	University (ref)	.	.
	Some College/TAFE	0.32 (0.14,0.69)	0.004a
	Primary/Secondary	0.19 (0.07,0.5)	0.001a
Income	$90,000+ (ref)	.	.
	$60,000–$89,999	1.66 (0.51,5.39)	0.401
	$50,000–$69,999	2 (0.6,6.66)	0.261
	$0–$49,999	1.31 (0.41,4.23)	0.653

Dependent variable – Impact of COVID-19, Ref Reference category, OR Odd ratio

^aStatistically significant difference at 0.05 significance level