Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the pre-diabetes and non-pre-diabetes groups
| WHO | P-value | ADA | P-value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-Pre-diabetes | Pre-diabetes | Non-Pre-diabetes | Pre-diabetes | |||
| No. of subjects | 106,735 | 4103 | 87,957 | 12,352 | ||
| Age, years | 40.00 (33.00–51.00) | 53.00 (44.00–62.00) | < 0.001 | 39.00 (33.00–49.00) | 48.00 (37.00–59.00) | < 0.001 |
| Sex | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Men | 56,105 (52.56%) | 2617 (63.78%) | 44,395 (50.47%) | 7735 (62.62%) | ||
| Women | 50,630 (47.44%) | 1486 (36.22%) | 43,562 (49.53%) | 4617 (37.38%) | ||
| Height, cm | 166.28 (8.30) | 166.38 (8.57) | 0.430 | 166.17 (8.28) | 166.69 (8.43) | < 0.001 |
| Weight, kg | 64.32 (11.93) | 70.09 (12.30) | < 0.001 | 63.59 (11.81) | 68.02 (11.91) | < 0.001 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 23.15 (3.22) | 25.21 (3.28) | < 0.001 | 22.91 (3.17) | 24.38 (3.25) | < 0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 118.38 (16.11) | 129.91 (18.46) | < 0.001 | 117.08 (15.61) | 125.17 (17.52) | < 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 73.91 (10.76) | 79.85 (11.62) | < 0.001 | 73.21 (10.57) | 77.61 (11.38) | < 0.001 |
| FPG, mmol/L | 4.86 (0.53) | 5.38 (0.48) | < 0.001 | 4.75 (0.47) | 5.03 (0.40) | < 0.001 |
| TC, mmol/L | 4.76 (0.89) | 5.05 (0.93) | < 0.001 | 4.72 (0.88) | 4.92 (0.90) | < 0.001 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.08 (0.74–1.60) | 1.50 (1.00–2.20) | < 0.001 | 1.02 (0.72–1.52) | 1.30 (0.90–1.94) | < 0.001 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.35 (1.17–1.57) | 1.32 (1.12–1.52) | < 0.001 | 1.36 (1.17–1.58) | 1.32 (1.14–1.53) | < 0.001 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 2.68 (2.28–3.14) | 2.83 (2.42–3.33) | < 0.001 | 2.66 (2.26–3.11) | 2.77 (2.36–3.25) | < 0.001 |
| ALT,U/L | 17.90 (12.90–26.90) | 22.00 (16.00–33.00) | < 0.001 | 17.10 (12.40–26.00) | 21.00 (14.70–31.00) | < 0.001 |
| AST,U/L | 22.00 (18.40–26.20) | 23.80 (20.00–28.00) | < 0.001 | 21.60 (18.10–26.00) | 23.00 (19.00–28.00) | < 0.001 |
| BUN, mmol/L | 4.53 (3.81–5.35) | 4.88 (4.13–5.72) | < 0.001 | 4.50 (3.79–5.30) | 4.73 (4.00–5.55) | < 0.001 |
| Cr, umol/L | 69.10 (57.70–81.00) | 73.00 (62.00–84.00) | < 0.001 | 68.30 (57.00–80.30) | 73.00 (61.30–83.90) | < 0.001 |
| TyG index | 8.36 (0.59) | 8.77 (0.61) | < 0.001 | 8.30 (0.57) | 8.58 (0.59) | < 0.001 |
| TyG-BMI | 194.49 (35.64) | 221.76 (36.36) | < 0.001 | 191.08 (34.69) | 209.92 (35.77) | < 0.001 |
| Family history of diabetes | 2358 (2.21%) | 100 (2.44%) | 0.330 | 1898 (2.16%) | 310 (2.51%) | 0.013 |
| Smoking status | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Non | 5825 (5.46%) | 291 (7.09%) | 4509 (5.13%) | 840 (6.80%) | ||
| Past | 1189 (1.11%) | 47 (1.15%) | 935 (1.06%) | 155 (1.25%) | ||
| Current | 22,902 (21.46%) | 665 (16.21%) | 18,877 (21.46%) | 2322 (18.80%) | ||
| Not recorded | 76,819 (71.97%) | 3100 (75.55%) | 63,636 (72.35%) | 9035 (73.15%) | ||
| Drinking status | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
| Non | 736 (0.69%) | 48 (1.17%) | 539 (0.61%) | 100 (0.81%) | ||
| Past | 5025 (4.71%) | 189 (4.61%) | 3944 (4.48%) | 604 (4.89%) | ||
| Current | 24,155 (22.63%) | 766 (18.67%) | 19,838 (22.55%) | 2613 (21.15%) | ||
| Not recorded | 76,819 (71.97%) | 3100 (75.55%) | 63,636 (72.35%) | 9035 (73.15%) | ||
Abbreviations as in Table 1