Table 4.
Drug candidates for SARS-CoV-2 prevention and treatment
| Categories | Class | Drug name | Associated glycans or targets | Description | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prevention | Natural antibody | GalNAcalpha1-Ser | GalNAc-Ser/Thr (Tn antigen) | Preclinical stage | 414 |
| (Gal)1 (GalNAc)1 | Gal-GalNAc-Ser/Thr (T antigen) | Preclinical stage | 412 | ||
| FDG-reactive antibodies | Man9-GlcNAc2-Asn | Preclinical stage | 415 | ||
| Vaccine | (GlcNAc)4 (Man)3 | GlcNAc(2-4)-Man3-GlcNAc2-Asn | PubChem CID: 10148744 | 70,434 | |
| Man5(GlcNAc)2Asn | Man5-GlcNAc2-Asn | PubChem CID: 25229604 | 40,329 | ||
| Treatment | Neutralizing antibody | VIR-7831 | Glycans at N343 | Phase II & NCT04779879 | 408 |
| VIR-7832 | Glycans at N343 | Phase I/II & NCT04746183 | 408 | ||
| S309 | Glycans at N343 | Preclinical stage | 406 | ||
| Lectin | FRIL | Complex-type N-glycans | Preclinical stage | 438 | |
| Griffithsin | Oligosaccharides | Phase I & NCT02875119 | 441 | ||
| Clec4g | Complex-type N-glycans | Preclinical stage | 442 | ||
| CD209c | Complex-type N-glycans | Preclinical stage | 442 | ||
| Lentil lectin | oligomannose-type glycans and GlcNAc | Preclinical stage | 443 | ||
| Galectin-3 inhibitor | TD139 | N-acetyllactosamine moieties | Phase II/III & NCT04473053 | 452,453 | |
| GB1107 | N-acetyllactosamine moieties | Preclinical stage | 450,454 | ||
| Belapectin | N-acetyllactosamine moieties | Phase II & NCT04365868 | 455 | ||
| Iminosugars | Castanospermine | α-Glucosidase enzymes | Preclinical stage | 459 | |
| UV-4 | α-Glucosidase enzymes | Preclinical stage | 459 | ||
| Celgosivir | α-Glucosidase enzymes | Phase II & NCT00157534 | 459 | ||
| Miglustat | α-Glucosidase enzymes | Preclinical stage | 460 | ||
| Kifunensine | α-Mannosidase enzymes | Preclinical stage | 461 | ||
| Sialidase | DAS181 | The sialic acid glycans of virus receptor | Phase 3 & NCT03808922 | 463 |
GlcNAc N-acetylglucosamine, Gal galactose, FDG Fab-dimerized glycan, Man mannose, Asn asparagine, Ser derine, Thr threonine, FRIL Flt3 Receptor Interacting Lectin, UV-4 a monocyclic derivative of DNJ.