TABLE 2.

Glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored surface molecules of trypanosomatids.

Organism	Molecule	Stage	Function	References
Trypanosoma brucei	VSG	BSF	Immune evasion	Cross, 1975; Cross et al., 2014; Mugnier et al., 2016
	TfR	BSF	Transferrin uptake	Steverding et al., 1994; Mussmann et al., 2003, 2004
	GPI-PLC	BSF	Phospholipase, implicated in VSG shedding	Bülow et al., 1989; Gruszynski et al., 2003; Garrison et al., 2021
	GP63	BSF	Metalloprotease, implicated in VSG shedding	LaCount et al., 2003; Grandgenett et al., 2007
	Procyclin	PCF	Implicated in proteases resistance	Roditi et al., 1998; Acosta-Serrano et al., 2001b
	TS	PCF	Sialyation of procyclin	Engstler et al., 1993; Pontes de Carvalho et al., 1993
	BARP	E		Urwyler et al., 2007
Trypanosoma cruzi	Mucin	All	Immune evasion and cell attachment	Almeida et al., 2000; Pereira-Chioccola et al., 2000; Buscaglia et al., 2006
	TS	All	Cell attachment and complement resistance	Schenkman et al., 1991a; Frevert et al., 1992; Lantos et al., 2016
	GP63	All, highest in A	Implicated in cell adhesion	Grandgenett et al., 2000; Cuevas et al., 2003; Rebello et al., 2019
	MASP	All, highest in BSF	Implicated in immune evasion	De Pablos et al., 2011, 2016; De Pablos and Osuna, 2012
	GIPL	All, highest in E	Implicated in cell attachment and host cell recruitment	Golgher et al., 1993; Previato et al., 2004; Nogueira et al., 2007
Leishmania spp.	LPG	P	Cell attachment and complement resistance	Turco and Descoteaux, 1992; Forestier et al., 2014
	PPG	P	Protease’s resistance	Ilg et al., 1999a; Secundino et al., 2010
	GP63	All, highest in P	Metalloprotease, implicated in complement resistance and cell attachment	Bouvier et al., 1985; Brittingham et al., 1995; Olivier et al., 2012
	GIPL	All, highest in A	Implicated in modulation of host cell signalling	McConville et al., 1990; Suzuki et al., 2002; Chawla and Vishwakarma, 2003
Trypanosoma congolense	VSG	BSF	Immune evasion	Jackson et al., 2013
	GARP	PCF, E, M		Eyford et al., 2011; Jackson et al., 2013
	CESP	E		Sakurai et al., 2008; Jackson et al., 2013
	GP63	?	Metalloprotease	Jackson et al., 2013; Jackson, 2015
	TS	?	Sialyation	Jackson et al., 2013; Jackson, 2015
	Procyclin	?		Jackson et al., 2013; Jackson, 2015
Trypanosoma vivax	VSG	BSF	Immune evasion	Jackson et al., 2013; Jackson, 2015; Silva Pereira et al., 2020
	BARP/GARP-like	?		Jackson et al., 2013; Jackson, 2015
	MASP-like	?		Jackson et al., 2013; Jackson, 2015
	GP63	?	Metalloprotease	Jackson et al., 2013; Jackson, 2015
	TS	?	Sialyation	Jackson et al., 2013; Jackson, 2015
Trypanosoma rangeli	GP63	?	Metalloprotease	Wagner et al., 2013; Bradwell et al., 2018
	TS	?	Sialyation	Wagner et al., 2013; Bradwell et al., 2018
	Mucin	?	Implicated in immune evasion	Wagner et al., 2013; Bradwell et al., 2018
	GIPL	?	Implicated in modulation of host cell signalling	Gazos-Lopes et al., 2012
Trypanosoma conorhini	GP63	?	Metalloprotease	Wagner et al., 2013; Bradwell et al., 2018
	TS	?	Sialyation	Wagner et al., 2013; Bradwell et al., 2018
	Mucin	?	Implicated in immune evasion	Wagner et al., 2013; Bradwell et al., 2018
Trypanosoma theileri	GP63	?	Metalloprotease	Kelly et al., 2017
	TS	?	Sialyation	Kelly et al., 2017
	TTPSP	?		Kelly et al., 2017
Trypanosoma grayi	TS	?	Sialyation	Coding genes are annotated in the reference strain ANR4 in TriTrypDB
Trypanosoma carassii	Mucin-like	?		Lischke et al., 2000; Aguero et al., 2002
	TS	?	Sialyation	Aguero et al., 2002
Paratrypanosoma	GP63	?	Metalloprotease	Jackson et al., 2016
Crithidia	GP63	?	Metalloprotease	Jackson et al., 2016
Bodo saltans	GP63	?	Metalloprotease	Jackson et al., 2016

Summary of the GPI-anchored surface molecules discussed in this paper. For each molecule, the life cycle stages in which they are expressed, and the proposed functions are provided. Question marks are used when no information regarding the corresponding life cycle stage is available. GPI-anchored surface molecules: variant surface glycoprotein (VSG), transferrin receptor (TfR), glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C (GPI-PLC), GP63, procyclin, trans-sialidase (TS), brucei alanine rich protein (BARP), mucin, mucin-associated surface protein (MASP), glycoinositolphospholipid (GIPL), lipophosphoglycan (LPG), proteophosphoglycan (PPG), glutamine alanine rich protein (GARP), congolense epimastigote specific protein (CESP), Trypanosoma theileri putative surface protein (TTPSP), promastigote surface antigen (PSA). Life cycle stages: bloodstream form (BSF), procyclic form (PCF), metacyclic (M), epimastigote (M), amastigote (A), promastigote (P).