TABLE 2.
The potential roles of exosomes in treating BC.
| Roles | Donor cells | Specific drug | Recipient cells | Results | References |
| Exosomes as complementary tools in liquid biopsy | / | / | / | Predicting outcomes | Rodríguez-Martínez et al., 2019 |
| Predicting resistance | Salvador-Coloma et al., 2020 | ||||
| Aiding treatment choices | Wang Y. L. et al., 2019 | ||||
| Exosomes as potential carriers | Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells | Anti-miRNA-142-3p | BC cells | The tumorigenicity of BC was reduced | Naseri et al., 2018 |
| M1-polarized macrophages | Paclitaxel | BC cells | Paclitaxel-M1-exosomes exhibited higher anti-tumor effects | Wang P. et al., 2019 | |
| Macrophages | Doxorubicin | TNBC cells | Increased inhibition of tumor growth and induced intense tumor apoptosis | Li et al., 2020 | |
| HEK293T cells | Anti-human CD3 and anti-human HER2 antibodies | HER2-expressing BC cells | Exhibited highly potent and specific anti-tumor activity | Shi et al., 2020 | |
| Exosome-based vaccines | Her2 specific dendritic cells | Polyclonal CD4 + T cells | HER2-positive BC cells | CTL proliferation, IFN-γ production, and rescuing CTL cytotoxic effect was induced | Li R. et al., 2018 |
| BC cells | MiR-155, miR-142, and let-7i | Immature dendritic cells | The immune stimulation ability was enhanced and led to maturation of dendritic cells | Taghikhani et al., 2019 | |
| Implications of exosomes in metastatic BC therapy | Nischarin-positive cells | Nischarin | BC cells | BC cells motility and tumor growth were reduced | Maziveyi et al., 2019 |
| BC cells | CBSA/siS100A4@Exosome | Lung pre-metastatic niche | Postoperative breast cancer metastasis was suppressed | Zhao et al., 2020 | |
| BC cells | Antibody-tagged exosomes | Macrophages | EV-triggered metastasis in BC was disrupted | Nishida-Aoki et al., 2017 | |
| BC cells | MiRNA-126 | A546 lung cancer cells | The formulation of lung metastasis was inhibited | Nie et al., 2020 | |
| Modulation of exosomal secretion | Docetaxel-resistant BC cells | d Rhamnose β-hederin | / | The formation and release of exosomes derived from docetaxel-resistant BC cells was reduced | Chen et al., 2018 |
| BC cells | A selective leptin receptor antagonist-the peptide LDFI (Leu-Asp-Phe-Ile) | The release of BC cell-derived exosomes was impaired | Giordano et al., 2019 |