TABLE 3.

Hierarchical linear regression analyses examining the association between autistic traits (SRS) and ADHD symptoms (C3) on pain interference (PII), depression (CES-DC), and HRQoL (PedsQL) (n = 146^a), adjusted for gender, age, and pain intensity (LPQ).

							Unstandardizedb		Standardized coefficients Betab
Dependents	Step	Predictors	R 2	R2 Change	F Change (df)	Sig. F Change	B	SE	β	t	Sig.
PedsQL	1	Controls	0.085	0.085	6.32 (2,137)	0.002
		Gender					−6.058	3.049	−0.149	−1.99	0.049
		Age					−1.13	0.584	−0.144	−1.93	0.055
	2	Pain	0.128	0.044	6.84 (1,136)	0.01
		Pain intensity					−0.278	0.103	−0.201	−2.71	0.008
	3	ASD/ADHD	0.271	0.143	13.13 (2,134)	0.000
		C3					−0.326	0.131	−0.227	−2.50	0.014
		SRS					−0.364	0.165	−0.205	−2.21	0.029
CES-DC	1	Controls	0.084	0.084	6.27 (2,137)	0.002
		Gender					3.12	2.107	0.112	1.48	0.141
		Age					0.943	0.404	0.176	2.34	0.021
	2	Pain	0.102	0.018	2.75 (1,136)	0.099
		Pain intensity					0.118	0.071	0.125	1.66	0.099
	3	ASD/ADHD	0.254	0.152	13.61 (2,134)	0.000
		C3					0.213	0.09	0.217	2.36	0.02
		SRS					0.277	0.114	0.228	2.44	0.016
PII	1	Controls	0.08	0.08	5.92 (2,137)	0.003
		Gender					2.426	1.63	0.113	1.49	0.139
		Age					0.692	0.312	0.167	2.22	0.028
	2	Pain	0.14	0.061	9.59 (1,136)	0.002
		Pain intensity					0.174	0.055	0.238	3.16	0.002
	3	ASD/ADHD	0.253	0.113	10.16 (2,134)	0.000
		C3					0.142	0.07	0.186	2.02	0.045
		SRS					0.187	0.088	0.199	2.12	0.036

^aPain intensity, n = 140 measured with the Lübeck Pain Questionnaire (LPQ).

^bResults are displayed from the final model.

C3, Conners 3; SRS, The Social Responsiveness Scale; PII, Pain Interference Index; CES-DC, Center for Epidemiological Studies – Depression Scale Children; PedsQL, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory; Sig., significance.