Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study population with different survival statuses in hospital.
| Survivors (n = 2,502) | Non-survivors (n = 63) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age | 68.20 ± 12.03 | 70.38 ± 13.11 | 0.156 |
| Male, n (%) | 1,669 (66.71%) | 40 (63.49%) | 0.593 |
| Weight (kg) | 81.55 (69.9–94.4) | 75 (63.6–91.5) | 0.397 |
| Height (cm) | 170.18 (162.56–177.8) | 167.64 (157.48–177.8) | 0.0045 |
| Vital signs | |||
| HR, beats/min | 84.31 (78.26–90.45) | 86 (78.06–95.65) | 0.113 |
| SBP, mmHg | 112.21 (105.86–119) | 109.35 (101.65–114.53) | 0.003 |
| DBP, mmHg | 56.62 (52.46–61.32) | 56.18 (47.79–62.58) | 0.304 |
| RR, times/min | 17.18 (15.47–19.11) | 18.10 (16.03–20.5) | 0.022 |
| Temperature, °C | 36.81 (36.48–37.17) | 36.53 (36.22–36.8) | 0.000 |
| SpO2, % | 98.09 (97.06–98.91) | 97.86 (95.38–98.61) | 0.000 |
| Laboratory events | |||
| WBC, 109/L | 12 (9–15.5) | 13 (9.2–17) | 0.930 |
| Serum sodium, mmol/L | 136 (134–138) | 137 (134–139) | 0.198 |
| Serum potassium, mmol/L | 4 (4–5.1) | 4.3 (3.9–5.2) | 0.976 |
| Glucose, mg/dL | 134 (114–161) | 129 (112–165) | 0.072 |
| Platelets, 109/L | 154 (121–201) | 176 (104–226) | 0.459 |
| BUN, mg/Dl | 16 (12–21) | 21 (17–33) | 0.000 |
| Creatinine, mg/Dl | 0.9 (0.7–1.1) | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 0.000 |
| ALB, g/dL | 3.8 (3.5–4.1) | 3.4 (3.1–3.7) | 0.000 |
| ALT, IU/L | 22 (16–33) | 29 (19–75) | 0.000 |
| AST, IU/L | 26 (20–41) | 60 (21–139) | 0.000 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.6 (0.4–0.8) | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) | 0.000 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Congestive heart failure | 863(34.49%) | 33 (52.38%) | 0.003 |
| Cardiac arrhythmias | 1463 (58.47%) | 44 (69.84%) | 0.070 |
| Valvular disease | 659 (26.34%) | 19 (30.16%) | 0.497 |
| Pulmonary circulation disorder | 250 (9.99%) | 10 (15.87%) | 0.127 |
| Peripheral vascular | 362 (14.47%) | 14 (22.22%) | 0.086 |
| Hypertension | 1780 (71.14%) | 33 (52.38%) | 0.001 |
| Chronic pulmonary | 530 (21.18%) | 20 (31.75%) | 0.044 |
| Uncomplicated diabetes | 673 (26.90%) | 15 (23.81%) | 0.585 |
| Complicated diabetes | 166 (6.63%) | 7 (11.11%) | 0.162 |
| Renal failure | 285 (11.39%) | 13 (20.64%) | 0.024 |
| Scores | |||
| SAPS II | 36 (30–43) | 45 (33–57) | 0.000 |
| SOFA | 5 (3–7) | 8 (4–11) | 0.000 |
| MELD | 12.9 (10–16.65) | 18 (11–23.78) | 0.000 |
Values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, median (interquartile range), or the number of patients (%).
ALB, blood albumin; ALT, blood alanine transaminase; AST, blood aspartate transaminase; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; HR, heart rate; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; RR, respiratory rate; SpO2, percutaneous oxygen saturation; WBC, white blood cell; SAPS II, Simplified Acute Physiology Score II; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment. MELD, Model end-stage liver disease.