Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants in the main analysis and the ejection fraction sub-cohort stratified by adjudicated heart failure diagnosis during Women’s Health Initiative follow-up
| Total cohort (n = 146 817) | Total HF (n = 3272) | EF sub-cohort (n = 2528) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 63.07 (7.20) | 68.10 (6.73) | 66.49 (6.84) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| American Indian or Alaskan Native | 635 (0.4) | 17 (0.5) | 10 (0.4) |
| Asian or Pacific Islander | 3921 (2.7) | 33 (1.0) | 21 (0.8) |
| Black or African-American | 13 260 (9.1) | 375 (11.5) | 651 (25.8) |
| Hispanic/Latino | 5948 (4.1) | 78 (2.4) | 132 (5.2) |
| White | 120 984 (82.6) | 2721 (83.4) | 1693 (67.0) |
| Other | 1701 (1.2) | 37 (1.1) | 20 (0.8) |
| BMI categories, n (%) | |||
| Underweight (<18.5 kg/m2) | 1240 (0.9) | 28 (0.9) | 10 (0.4) |
| Normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2) | 49 881 (34.3) | 746 (23.0) | 450 (17.8) |
| Overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2) | 50 741 (34.9) | 952 (29.4) | 764 (30.2) |
| Obesity (>30 kg/m2) | 43 691 (30.0) | 1514 (46.7) | 1284 (50.8) |
| Alcoholic servings/week, mean (SD) | 2.36 (4.86) | 1.77 (4.44) | 1.88 (4.91) |
| Physical activity (MET-h/week), mean (SD) | 12.46 (13.75) | 9.14 (11.32) | 9.14 (11.78) |
| Smoking (pack-years), mean (SD) | 9.83 (18.33) | 15.90 (25.03) | 14.20 (22.78) |
| Mammogram in last 2 years, n (%) | 118 591 (83.4) | 2470 (78.6) | 1803 (71.3) |
| PCP in last 1 year, n (%) | 115 644 (81.5) | 2784 (88.1) | 1989 (78.7) |
| Hormone use, n (%) | 95 795 (67.1) | 1840 (58.2) | 1153 (45.6) |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 8279 (5.6) | 716 (21.9) | 485 (19.2) |
| Hypertension | 48 425 (33.3) | 1926 (59.6) | 1371 (54.2) |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 18 992 (13.8) | 678 (22.5) | 422 (16.7) |
| Cardiovascular disease | 22 951 (16.6) | 1199 (22.5) | 633 (25.0) |
| Family history, n (%) | |||
| Any cancer | 29 003 (20.0) | 620 (19.3) | 481 (19.0) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 47 096 (32.2) | 1229 (37.7) | 1029 (40.7) |
BMI, body mass index; EF, ejection fraction; HF, heart failure; PCP, primary care physician; SD, standard deviation.