Table 1.
Demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, and APS laboratory features of patients included according to each group.
| APS | Non-APS | SLE | Others | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 25 | n = 22 | n = 30 | n = 26 | |
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (median 95% CI) | 52 (44–57) | 48 (40–64) | 47 (40–53) | 53 (38–69) |
| Female gender | 19 (76) | 18 (82) | 29 (97) | 20 (77) |
| APS type: | ||||
| Primary APS | 17 (68) | – | – | – |
| Associated APS with SLE | 8 (32) | – | – | – |
| APS clinical manifestations | ||||
| Thrombosis | 19 (76) | 9 (41) | 0 (0) | 1 (4) |
| Pregnancy morbidity | 5 (20) | 9 (41) | 1 (3) | 1 (4) |
| Both thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity | 1 (4) | 4 (18) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Thrombosis: | Total n = 20 | Total n = 13 | Total n = 0 | Total n = 1 |
| • Arterial/venous | 13/6/1 | 5/7/1 | 0/1 | |
| Pregnancy morbidity: | Total n = 5 | Total n = 10 | Total n = 0 | Total n = 1 |
| • Early/late/premature delivery | 2/3/0 | 7/2/1 | 0/0/0 | 1/0/0 |
| aPL testing (first determination) | ||||
| LA | 19 (76) | 2 (9) | 3 (10) | 3 (11) |
| aCL Ab IgG | 16 (64) | 1 (5) | 6 (20) | 0 (0) |
| aCL Ab IgM | 10 (25) | 0 (0) | 4 (13) | 6 (23) |
| aβ2GPI Ab IgG | 19 (76) | 0 (0) | 8 (27) | 3 (11) |
| aβ2GPI Ab IgM | 8 (32) | 0 (0) | 5 (17) | 3 (11) |
| APS laboratory criteria (aPL positive in two different blood draw separated for at least 12 weeks) | ||||
| LA a | 7/12 (58) | 0/11 (0) | 1/5 (20) | 1/8 (12) |
| aCL Ab IgG | 16 (64) | 0 (0) | 5 (17) | 0 (0) |
| aCL Ab IgM | 10 (25) | 0 (0) | 4 (13) | 6 (23) |
| aβ2GPI Ab IgG | 19 (76) | 0 (0) | 8 (27) | 2 (8) |
| aβ2GPI Ab IgM | 8 (32) | 0 (0) | 5 (17) | 3 (11) |
| Risk factors for thrombosis | ||||
| Triple aPL positivity | 15 (60) | 0 (0) | 3 (10) | 2 (8) |
| Arterial hypertension | 9 (36) | 4 (19) | 6 (20) | 8 (33) |
| Hyperlipidemia b | 8 (32) | 6 (40) | 10 (17) | 6 (27) |
| GAPSS ≥ 9 c | 21 (84) | 0 (0) | 7 (29) | 4 (19) |
| Anticoagulation treatment | ||||
| Anticoagulated at sampling d | 18 (72) | 8 (53) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) |
Values of categorical variables are expressed as number and (percentage).
a
Second testing only performed in n = 36 patients (results expressed as +ve/analyzed).
b
Data available for 86 patients.
c
Calculated for 85 patients.
d
Data available for 85 patients.
APS, anti-phospholipid syndrome; SLE, systemic lupus erythematous; aPL, anti-phospholipids; LA, lupus anticoagulant; aCL Ab, anti-cardiolipin antibodies; aβ2GPI Ab, anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies; GAPSS, Global Antiphospholipid Syndrome Score.