Fig. 1.

The effects of surgical procedure and microinjection on fetal weights. The fetal weights were modeled with a linear mixed effects model (fixed effect, experimental group; random effect, litter). For statistical analysis, a one-way ANOVA was performed on the linear mixed effects model to determine whether there was a group effect. Post-hoc tests were performed by releveling the linear mixed effects model with different experimental groups chosen as the reference group in order to evaluate all possible combinations of between-group comparisons. Data are presented as mean±s.e.m. Control, n=67 and N=5; surgery littermate, n=247 and N=26; sham, n=13 and N=8; embolized, n=12 and N=10. N refers to the number of dams and n refers to the number of fetuses. **P<0.01.