Table 2.
Summary of nephrotic syndrome after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in the literature
| Study | Age (y) | Sex | Medical history | Vaccine | Symptom Onset (d) | AKI | HT | Renal biopsy | Treatment | Outcome | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Type | Manufacturer | Dose number | ||||||||||
| Levedev et al. [4] | 50 | M | None | mRNA | Pfizer-BioNTech | 1st | 4 | + | + | MCD, ATI Lymphocytic interstitial infiltrate | PSL 80 mg/day | CR |
| Maas et al. [5] | 80 s | M | Venous-thromboembolisms | mRNA | Pfizer-BioNTech | 1st | 7 | − | + | MCD, ATI | PSL 80 mg/day | CR |
| D’Agati et al. [6] | 77 | M | Type 2 diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, prior smoker, obesity | mRNA | Pfizer-BioNTech | 1st | 7 | + | + | MCD, ATI, IF/TA Mild diabetic changes | mPSL 1000 mg/day, 3 days PSL 60 mg/day | NR |
| Holzworth et al. [7] | 63 | F | Hypertension, tobacco dependence | mRNA | Moderna | 1st | < 7 | + | + | MCD, ATI, IF | mPSL 500 mg/day, 3 days PSL 1 mg/kg/day | NA |
| Weijers et al. [8] | 61 | F | Autoimmune hepatitis, hypothyroidism | mRNA | Pfizer-BioNTech | 1st | 1 | + | NA | MCD | HD Steroids 1 mg/kg/day | CR |
| Leclerc et al. [9] | 71 | M | Dyslipidemia | Vector | Oxford-AstraZeneca | 1st | 1 | + | + | MCD, ATI, IF Mononuclear interstitial infiltrate | HD mPSL 1000 mg/day, 3 days PSL 60 mg/day | CR |
| Salem et al. [10] | 41 | F | Asthma | mRNA | Pfizer- BioNTech | 2nd | 5 | NA | + | MCD | NA | NA |
| Lim et al. [3] | 51 | M | None | Vector | Janssen | NA | 7 | + | + | MCD | mPSL 64 mg/day | CR |
| Our case | 15 | M | None | mRNA | Pfizer- BioNTech | 1st | 4 | − | − | No data | PSL 60 mg/day | CR |
SARS-CoV-2 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; M male; F female; mRNA messenger RNA; AKI acute kidney injury; HT hypertension; MCD minimal change disease; ATI acute tubular damage; IF interstitial fibrosis; TA tubular atrophy; PSL prednisolone; mPSL methylprednisolone; HD hemodialysis; CR complete remission; NR no response; NA not available