TABLE 1.
Baseline Predisposition, Insult Characteristics and Outcomes of RAP Versus CCI and 1 year Zubrod 0-3 Versus Zubrod 4/5 Patient Cohorts
| RAP (n=225) |
CCI (n=124) |
p-value - CCI vs. RAP |
1 year Zubrod 0-3 (n=215) |
1year Zubrod 4/5 (n=89) |
p-value - Zubrod 4/5 vs. Zubrod 0-3 |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male, n (%) | 109 (48) | 79 (64) | < 0.01 | 111 (52) | 54 (61) | 0.17 |
| Age in years, median (25th, 75th) | 58 (45, 69) | 64 (56, 72) | < 0.01 | 59 (46, 68) | 69 (62, 74) | <0.01 |
| Race, n (%) | 0.48 | 0.23 | ||||
| Caucasian | 198 (88) | 113 (91) | 190 (88) | 82 (92) | ||
| African American | 25 (11) | 9 (7) | 23 (11) | 5 (6) | ||
| Other | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | 2 (1) | 2 (2) | ||
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (25th, 75th) | 2 (1, 4) | 4 (2, 6) | < 0.01 | 2 (1, 4) | 5 (3, 7) | <0.01 |
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Solid cancer | 31 (14) | 23 (19) | 0.28 | 23 (11) | 29 (33) | <0.01 |
| Hematologic cancer | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0.36 | 0 (0) | 1 (1) | 0.29 |
| Heart failure | 21 (9) | 25 (20) | < 0.01 | 16 (7) | 23 (26) | <0.01 |
| Chronic lung disease | 30 (13) | 36 (29) | < 0.01 | 34 (16) | 25 (28) | 0.02 |
| Prior Stroke | 11 (5) | 15 (12) | 0.02 | 11 (5) | 12 (14) | 0.02 |
| Coronary disease | 44 (20) | 40 (32) | < 0.01 | 39 (18) | 37 (42) | <0.01 |
| Diabetes | 74 (33) | 47 (38) | 0.35 | 65 (30) | 36 (40) | 0.11 |
| Morbid obesity | 36 (16) | 25 (20) | 0.38 | 39 (18) | 16 (18) | 1 |
| Peripheral artery disease | 25 (11) | 17 (14) | 0.49 | 18 (8) | 21 (24) | < 0.01 |
| ESRD | 4 (2) | 4 (3) | 0.46 | 2 (1) | 4 (5) | 0.06 |
| Active cancer diagnosis | 27 (12) | 21 (17) | 0.26 | 21 (10) | 26 (29) | <0.01 |
| History of cancer | 52 (23) | 34 (27) | 0.44 | 42 (20) | 41 (46) | <0.01 |
| Reason for hospital admission, n (%) | 0.88 | 0.47 | ||||
| Active infection | 153 (68) | 64 (52) | 135 (63) | 53 (60) | ||
| Non-infectious complication | 13 (6) | 17 (14) | 16 (7) | 11 (12) | ||
| Planned surgery | 43 (19) | 24 (19) | 43 (20) | 19 (21) | ||
| Trauma | 16 (7) | 19 (15) | 21 (10) | 6 (7) | ||
| Hospital-acquired sepsis (>48 hrs), n (%) | 66 (29) | 67 (54) | < 0.01 | 75 (35) | 41 (46) | 0.07 |
| Site of infection, n (%) | < 0.01 | 0.02 | ||||
| Intra-abdominal | 95 (42) | 57 (46) | 92 (43) | 46 (52) | ||
| Pneumonia | 29 (13) | 36 (29) | 34 (16) | 18 (20) | ||
| Skin/Soft Tissue | 49 (22) | 17 (14) | 45 (21) | 11 (12) | ||
| Genitourinary | 40 (18) | 5 (4) | 33 (15) | 5 (6) | ||
| Vascular | 12 (5) | 9 (7) | 11 (5) | 9 (10) | ||
| Sepsis severity, n (%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | ||||
| Sepsis | 94 (42) | 15 (12) | 77 (36) | 17 (19) | ||
| Severe sepsis | 98 (44) | 55 (44) | 98 (46) | 35 (39) | ||
| Septic shock | 33 (15) | 54 (44) | 40 (19) | 37 (42) | ||
| APACHE II, median (25th, 75th) | 14 (10, 19) | 22 (16, 26) | < 0.01 | 15 (10, 21) | 21 (15, 26) | < 0.01 |
| Type of Sepsis Source Control Procedure, n (%) | 166 (74) | 79 (64) | 0.05 | 156 (73) | 60 (67) | 0.54 |
| Invasive procedures | 110 (49) | 59 (48) | 107 (50) | 44 (49) | ||
| Non-invasive procedures | 56 (25) | 20 (16) | 49 (23) | 16 (18) | ||
| Culture Positive, n (%) | 146 (65) | 80 (65) | 0.76 | 139 (65) | 56 (63) | 0.58 |
| Bacterial – gram positive | 32 (14) | 21 (17) | 30 (14) | 17 (19) | ||
| Bacterial – gram negative | 63 (28) | 30 (24) | 58 (27) | 20 (23) | ||
| Fungal | 5 (2) | 5 (4) | 6 (3) | 4 (5) | ||
| Polymicrobial | 46 (20) | 24 (19) | 45 (21) | 15 (17) | ||
| Need for mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 112 (50) | 116 (94) | < 0.01 | 129 (60) | 73 (82) | < 0.01 |
| MOF Denver Score, n (%) | 5 (2) | 43 (35) | < 0.01 | 17 (8) | 30 (36) | < 0.01 |