Table 3.
Bootstrapping analysis results of the model
| Pathway | Coefficient | CL | P |
|---|---|---|---|
| Direct effect | |||
| FCV-19 ⇒ Trauma | 0.729 | 0.468–0.735 | < 0.001 |
| Traumas ⇒ PHB | 0.457 | 0.493–1.269 | < 0.001 |
| FCV-19 ⇒ Distress | 0.358 | 0.209–0.408 | < 0.001 |
| Distress ⇒ PHB | −0.162 | −0.492 to −0.107 | 0.002 |
| Distress ⇒ Traumatic | 0.128 | 0.027–0.218 | 0.012 |
| FCV-19 ⇒ PHB | 0.219 | 0.070–0.618 | 0.014 |
| FCV-19 ⇒ PHB (Total) | 0.515 | 0.629–1.011 | < 0.001 |
| Indirect effect (parallel mediation) | |||
| FCV-19 ⇒ Trauma ⇒ PHB | 0.333 | 0.285–0.776 | < 0.001 |
| FCV-19 ⇒ Distress ⇒ PHB | −0.058 | −0.157 to −0.028 | 0.005 |
| Indirect effect (serial mediation) | |||
| FCV-19⇒ Distress ⇒ Trauma ⇒ PHB | 0.021 | 0.002–0.065 | 0.038 |
| Moderation effect (Gender interactions) | |||
| FCV-19: Gender ⇒ PHB | 0.019 | 0.486–0.070 | 0.034 |
| Conditional effects of different gender | |||
| Female: FCV-19 ⇒ PHB | 0.237 | 0.239–0.589 | < 0.001 |
| Male: FCV-19 ⇒ PHB | 0.376 | 0.474–0.842 | < 0.001 |
CL = confidence limit; P = significance; PHB = preventive health behavior; FCV-19 = the fear of COVID-19; Trauma = post-traumatic stress symptoms; Distress = psychological distress. The table shows standardized indirect effects with bootstrapped SEs; ∫Bias-corrected 95% CIs and moderation effects of gender.