Table 3. Frequency of qualitative codes by theme: How have your job responsibilities changed because of COVID-19?.
| Code§ | Frequency (%*) | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Overall (N = 73) | CNA (N = 38) | EVS (N = 35) | |
| Tasks Beyond Scope of Work and Added Responsibilities | |||
| Tasks Beyond Scope of Work | |||
| Rule and Protocol Enforcement (Screening, Distancing, etc.) | 8 (11%) | 4 (11%) | 4 (11%) |
| Moving Residents Within Facility | 5 (7%) | 2 (5%) | 3 (9%) |
| Cleaning and Disinfection | 5 (7%) | 3 (8%) | 2 (6%) |
| Non-Clinical Care of Residents Like Styling Hair or Bringing Food | 5 (7%) | 4 (11%) | 1 (3%) |
| Laundry | 2 (3%) | 1 (3%) | 1 (3%) |
| Responsible for Patients Transferred from Overflowing Hospitals | 2 (3%) | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) |
| Administering Medications and Providing Treatments to Residents | 2 (3%) | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) |
| Transporting Residents Outside of Facility (Medical Appointments) | 1 (1%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Transporting Deceased Residents to Morgue | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) |
| Maintenance | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) |
| Temporary Course to Assist Aides with Residents | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) |
| Added (Increased) Responsibilities | |||
| Additional Cleaning and Disinfection of High-touch Surfaces | 26 (36%) | 5 (13%) | 21 (60%) |
| Additional Laundry | 3 (4%) | 0 (0%) | 3 (9%) |
| Increase in Time Required to Complete Tasks | |||
| Additional PPE or Frequent Donning and Doffing Required | 20 (27%) | 8 (21%) | 12 (34%) |
| Staff Shortages | 15 (21%) | 9 (24%) | 6 (17%) |
| Taking More Precautions | 9 (12%) | 5 (13%) | 4 (11%) |
| Frequent Changes in Protocols/Infection Control Procedures | 7 (10%) | 4 (11%) | 3 (9%) |
| Increased Workload Overall | 4 (5%) | 3 (8%) | 1 (3%) |
| Longer Hours or Shifts | 4 (5%) | 2 (5%) | 2 (6%) |
| Everything in General Takes Longer | 4 (5%) | 2 (5%) | 2 (6%) |
| More Handwashing | 3 (4%) | 2 (5%) | 1 (3%) |
| Responsible for More Residents | 3 (4%) | 3 (8%) | 0 (0%) |
| Added Pressures | |||
| Increased Stress and Anxiety to Job | 16 (22%) | 9 (24%) | 7 (20%) |
| Becoming Like Family to Residents | 4 (5%) | 4 (11%) | 0 (0%) |
| Consideration of Residents’ Mental Health | 2 (3%) | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) |
| Other | |||
| No Change in Responsibilities | 5 (7%) | 4 (11%) | 1 (3%) |
* All responses were provided voluntarily and, due to the open discussion format, not every participant provided a response to every question. All summaries of qualitatively coded data are based upon only those responses received throughout the discussion. Therefore, percentages presented are calculated based on the total number of participants that provided a response to the individual question, not the total number of focus group participants. Participants’ responses were categorized to each individual code only once, however, responses may be categorized to more than one code. Therefore, percentages within a question may sum to over 100% and may not sum to the percentages for broader convergent themes presented in text. No statistical tests to compare responses by CNA and EVS participants were performed.
§ Select quotes which operationalize each code may be found in the (S1 Table).