Table 2.
Number of surgeries performed in the pandemic period and regional infection level classifications
| Procedure | Period | Infection level | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | vs 2018 | vs 2019 | p value vs 2019 | p value high vs medium + low |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gastrectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 5176 | 5166 | 4676 | 90.3% | 90.5% | ||
| Medium | 2795 | 2597 | 2586 | 92.5% | 99.6% | ||||
| Low | 1177 | 1215 | 1223 | 103.9% | 100.7% | ||||
| Subtotal | 9148 | 8978 | 8485 | 92.8% | 94.5% | 0.084 | 0.087 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 5222 | 5255 | 4018 | 76.9% | 76.5% | |||
| Medium | 2848 | 2836 | 2316 | 81.3% | 81.7% | ||||
| Low | 1321 | 1244 | 1012 | 76.6% | 81.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 9391 | 9335 | 7346 | 78.2% | 78.7% | < 0.001 | 0.122 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 37,733 | 37,173 | 32,723 | 86.7% | 88.0% | < 0.001 | 0.046 | |
| Low anterior resection | 1st pandemic period | High | 3193 | 3404 | 3255 | 101.9% | 95.6% | ||
| Medium | 1659 | 1661 | 1669 | 100.6% | 100.5% | ||||
| Low | 630 | 715 | 668 | 106.0% | 93.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 5482 | 5780 | 5592 | 102.0% | 96.7% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 3152 | 3341 | 2941 | 93.3% | 88.0% | |||
| Medium | 1617 | 1558 | 1428 | 88.3% | 91.7% | ||||
| Low | 662 | 643 | 567 | 85.6% | 88.2% | ||||
| Subtotal | 5431 | 5542 | 4936 | 90.9% | 89.1% | 0.090 | 0.003 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 22,099 | 22,763 | 21,506 | 97.3% | 94.5% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| Hepatectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 999 | 1017 | 978 | 97.9% | 96.2% | ||
| Medium | 494 | 544 | 544 | 110.1% | 100.0% | ||||
| Low | 201 | 184 | 213 | 106.0% | 115.8% | ||||
| Subtotal | 1694 | 1745 | 1735 | 102.4% | 99.4% | 0.886 | 0.333 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 970 | 1083 | 950 | 97.9% | 87.7% | |||
| Medium | 486 | 568 | 474 | 97.5% | 83.5% | ||||
| Low | 171 | 169 | 182 | 106.4% | 107.7% | ||||
| Subtotal | 1627 | 1820 | 1606 | 98.7% | 88.2% | 0.018 | 0.543 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 6734 | 7019 | 6707 | 99.6% | 95.6% | 0.034 | 0.520 | |
| Pancreaticoduodenectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 1724 | 1758 | 1783 | 103.4% | 101.4% | ||
| Medium | 897 | 871 | 919 | 102.5% | 105.5% | ||||
| Low | 349 | 361 | 342 | 98.0% | 94.7% | ||||
| Subtotal | 2970 | 2990 | 3044 | 102.5% | 101.8% | 0.612 | 0.970 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 1685 | 1791 | 1748 | 103.7% | 97.6% | |||
| Medium | 892 | 801 | 842 | 94.4% | 105.1% | ||||
| Low | 341 | 347 | 339 | 99.4% | 97.7% | ||||
| Subtotal | 2918 | 2939 | 2929 | 100.4% | 99.7% | 0.935 | 0.536 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 11,774 | 11,963 | 12,074 | 102.5% | 100.9% | 0.627 | 0.429 | |
| Appendectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 8609 | 8753 | 8268 | 96.0% | 94.5% | ||
| Medium | 3958 | 4113 | 4081 | 103.1% | 99.2% | ||||
| Low | 1556 | 1538 | 1474 | 94.7% | 95.8% | ||||
| Subtotal | 14,123 | 14,404 | 13,823 | 97.9% | 96.0% | 0.038 | 0.155 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 9854 | 9916 | 10,325 | 104.8% | 104.1% | |||
| Medium | 4704 | 4874 | 4920 | 104.6% | 100.9% | ||||
| Low | 1828 | 1694 | 1801 | 98.5% | 106.3% | ||||
| Subtotal | 16,386 | 16,484 | 17,046 | 104.0% | 103.4% | 0.037 | 0.326 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 57,742 | 59,152 | 60,094 | 104.1% | 101.6% | 0.080 | 0.808 | |
| Cholecystectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 17,991 | 18,290 | 15,688 | 87.2% | 85.8% | ||
| Medium | 9705 | 9984 | 9012 | 92.9% | 90.3% | ||||
| Low | 4036 | 3971 | 3699 | 91.7% | 93.2% | ||||
| Subtotal | 31,732 | 32,245 | 28,399 | 89.5% | 88.1% | 0.001 | 0.201 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 18,806 | 19,373 | 18,778 | 99.9% | 96.9% | |||
| Medium | 10,381 | 10,526 | 10,276 | 99.0% | 97.6% | ||||
| Low | 4223 | 4029 | 3975 | 94.1% | 98.7% | ||||
| Subtotal | 33,410 | 33,928 | 33,029 | 98.9% | 97.4% | 0.300 | 0.734 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 132,766 | 133,441 | 127,621 | 96.1% | 95.6% | 0.001 | 0.337 | |
| Valve replacement + valve plasty | 1st pandemic period | High | 3454 | 3547 | 3019 | 87.4% | 85.1% | ||
| Medium | 1553 | 1557 | 1418 | 91.3% | 91.1% | ||||
| Low | 581 | 548 | 501 | 86.2% | 91.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 5588 | 5652 | 4938 | 88.4% | 87.4% | 0.001 | 0.066 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 3353 | 3370 | 3085 | 92.0% | 91.5% | |||
| Medium | 1487 | 1496 | 1315 | 88.4% | 87.9% | ||||
| Low | 525 | 505 | 532 | 101.3% | 105.3% | ||||
| Subtotal | 5365 | 5371 | 4932 | 91.9% | 91.8% | 0.068 | 0.573 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 21,938 | 21,887 | 20,355 | 92.8% | 93.0% | < 0.001 | 0.047 | |
| Ascending aorta replacement + aortic arch replacement | 1st pandemic period | High | 1859 | 1833 | 1633 | 87.8% | 89.1% | ||
| Medium | 747 | 786 | 733 | 98.1% | 93.3% | ||||
| Low | 283 | 298 | 234 | 82.7% | 78.5% | ||||
| Subtotal | 2889 | 2917 | 2600 | 90.0% | 89.1% | 0.008 | 0.453 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 1468 | 1532 | 1538 | 104.8% | 100.4% | |||
| Medium | 597 | 616 | 663 | 111.1% | 107.6% | ||||
| Low | 213 | 218 | 196 | 92.0% | 89.9% | ||||
| Subtotal | 2278 | 2366 | 2397 | 105.2% | 101.3% | 0.745 | 0.842 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 11,170 | 11,375 | 11,186 | 100.1% | 98.3% | 0.391 | 0.595 | |
| Coronary artery bypass grafting | 1st pandemic period | High | 3253 | 3145 | 2738 | 84.2% | 87.1% | ||
| Medium | 1449 | 1362 | 1206 | 83.2% | 88.5% | ||||
| Low | 529 | 495 | 422 | 79.8% | 85.3% | ||||
| Subtotal | 5231 | 5002 | 4366 | 83.5% | 87.3% | < 0.001 | 0.178 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 2924 | 2919 | 2524 | 86.3% | 86.5% | |||
| Medium | 1252 | 1262 | 1043 | 83.3% | 82.6% | ||||
| Low | 420 | 435 | 415 | 98.8% | 95.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 4596 | 4616 | 3982 | 86.6% | 86.3% | < 0.001 | 0.311 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 19,704 | 19,109 | 17,452 | 88.6% | 91.3% | < 0.001 | 0.196 | |
| Abdominal aorta replacement | 1st pandemic period | High | 943 | 847 | 759 | 80.5% | 89.6% | ||
| Medium | 577 | 539 | 535 | 92.7% | 99.3% | ||||
| Low | 166 | 153 | 141 | 84.9% | 92.2% | ||||
| Subtotal | 1686 | 1539 | 1435 | 85.1% | 93.2% | 0.133 | 0.293 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 1022 | 979 | 868 | 84.9% | 88.7% | |||
| Medium | 601 | 594 | 482 | 80.2% | 81.1% | ||||
| Low | 178 | 156 | 180 | 101.1% | 115.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 1801 | 1729 | 1530 | 85.0% | 88.5% | 0.006 | 0.730 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 6985 | 6624 | 6249 | 89.5% | 94.3% | 0.003 | 0.892 | |
| Ventricular septal defect closure | 1st pandemic period | High | 282 | 253 | 252 | 89.4% | 99.6% | ||
| Medium | 121 | 123 | 116 | 95.9% | 94.3% | ||||
| Low | 45 | 41 | 32 | 71.1% | 78.0% | ||||
| Subtotal | 448 | 417 | 400 | 89.3% | 95.9% | 0.504 | 0.555 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 303 | 306 | 271 | 89.4% | 88.6% | |||
| Medium | 118 | 119 | 132 | 111.9% | 110.9% | ||||
| Low | 46 | 27 | 34 | 73.9% | 125.9% | ||||
| Subtotal | 467 | 452 | 437 | 93.6% | 96.7% | 0.673 | 0.130 | ||
| yearly | Total | 1791 | 1698 | 1681 | 93.9% | 99.0% | 0.774 | 0.353 | |
| Lobectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 4390 | 4697 | 4503 | 102.6% | 95.9% | ||
| Medium | 2049 | 2235 | 2214 | 108.1% | 99.1% | ||||
| Low | 867 | 955 | 978 | 112.8% | 102.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 7306 | 7887 | 7695 | 105.3% | 97.6% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 4600 | 4998 | 4173 | 90.7% | 83.5% | |||
| Medium | 2363 | 2476 | 1914 | 81.0% | 77.3% | ||||
| Low | 973 | 1003 | 895 | 92.0% | 89.2% | ||||
| Subtotal | 7936 | 8477 | 6982 | 88.0% | 82.4% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| yearly | Total | 31,677 | 33,815 | 31,174 | 98.4% | 92.2% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| Resection of mediastinal tumor | 1st pandemic period | High | 839 | 956 | 872 | 103.9% | 91.2% | ||
| Medium | 412 | 419 | 443 | 107.5% | 105.7% | ||||
| Low | 157 | 147 | 147 | 93.6% | 100.0% | ||||
| Subtotal | 1408 | 1522 | 1462 | 103.8% | 96.1% | 0.528 | 0.260 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 984 | 1055 | 919 | 93.4% | 87.1% | |||
| Medium | 482 | 471 | 430 | 89.2% | 91.3% | ||||
| Low | 160 | 183 | 156 | 97.5% | 85.2% | ||||
| Subtotal | 1626 | 1709 | 1505 | 92.6% | 88.1% | 0.014 | 0.386 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 6011 | 6575 | 6152 | 102.3% | 93.6% | 0.007 | 0.109 | |
| Total mastectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 6679 | 7415 | 7609 | 113.9% | 102.6% | ||
| Medium | 3061 | 3555 | 3582 | 117.0% | 100.8% | ||||
| Low | 1123 | 1288 | 1420 | 126.4% | 110.2% | ||||
| Subtotal | 10,863 | 12,258 | 12,611 | 116.1% | 102.9% | 0.270 | 0.912 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 7581 | 7899 | 7252 | 95.7% | 91.8% | |||
| Medium | 3688 | 3648 | 3570 | 96.8% | 97.9% | ||||
| Low | 1375 | 1389 | 1363 | 99.1% | 98.1% | ||||
| Subtotal | 12,644 | 12,936 | 12,185 | 96.4% | 94.2% | 0.245 | 0.398 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 48,276 | 51,435 | 50,283 | 104.2% | 97.8% | 0.195 | 0.325 | |
| Breast-conserving surgery | 1st pandemic period | High | 5766 | 6233 | 6191 | 107.4% | 99.3% | ||
| Medium | 2708 | 2874 | 2863 | 105.7% | 99.6% | ||||
| Low | 1024 | 1064 | 1078 | 105.3% | 101.3% | ||||
| Subtotal | 9498 | 10,171 | 10,132 | 106.7% | 99.6% | 0.903 | 0.888 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 5940 | 6313 | 5428 | 91.4% | 86.0% | |||
| Medium | 2797 | 2916 | 2492 | 89.1% | 85.5% | ||||
| Low | 1053 | 1041 | 982 | 93.3% | 94.3% | ||||
| Subtotal | 9790 | 10,270 | 8902 | 90.9% | 86.7% | 0.017 | 0.457 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 40,003 | 42,475 | 39,495 | 98.7% | 93.0% | < 0.001 | 0.259 | |
| Sentinel node biopsy | 1st pandemic period | High | 6675 | 7481 | 7922 | 118.7% | 105.9% | ||
| Medium | 2905 | 3325 | 3478 | 119.7% | 104.6% | ||||
| Low | 930 | 1091 | 1234 | 132.7% | 113.1% | ||||
| Subtotal | 10,510 | 11,897 | 12,634 | 120.2% | 106.2% | 0.034 | 0.663 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 7270 | 7821 | 7050 | 97.0% | 90.1% | |||
| Medium | 3142 | 3290 | 3034 | 96.6% | 92.2% | ||||
| Low | 1034 | 1058 | 1102 | 106.6% | 104.2% | ||||
| Subtotal | 11,446 | 12,169 | 11,186 | 97.7% | 91.9% | 0.142 | 0.396 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 45,501 | 49,728 | 48,848 | 107.4% | 98.2% | 0.339 | 0.336 | |
| Thyroidectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 2267 | 2311 | 1887 | 83.2% | 81.7% | ||
| Medium | 1084 | 1192 | 1087 | 100.3% | 91.2% | ||||
| Low | 343 | 299 | 271 | 79.0% | 90.6% | ||||
| Subtotal | 3694 | 3802 | 3245 | 87.8% | 85.3% | < 0.001 | 0.010 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 2353 | 2481 | 1911 | 81.2% | 77.0% | |||
| Medium | 1218 | 1228 | 1170 | 96.1% | 95.3% | ||||
| Low | 347 | 318 | 281 | 81.0% | 88.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 3918 | 4027 | 3362 | 85.8% | 83.5% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 15,262 | 15,405 | 13,449 | 88.1% | 87.3% | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |
| Parathyroidectomy | 1st pandemic period | High | 270 | 273 | 222 | 82.2% | 81.3% | ||
| Medium | 144 | 154 | 143 | 99.3% | 92.9% | ||||
| Low | 46 | 39 | 38 | 82.6% | 97.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 460 | 466 | 403 | 87.6% | 86.5% | 0.095 | 0.292 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 272 | 301 | 262 | 96.3% | 87.0% | |||
| Medium | 125 | 158 | 145 | 116.0% | 91.8% | ||||
| Low | 45 | 29 | 30 | 66.7% | 103.4% | ||||
| Subtotal | 442 | 488 | 437 | 98.9% | 89.5% | 0.204 | 0.496 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 1824 | 1879 | 1827 | 100.2% | 97.2% | 0.477 | 0.241 | |
| Inguinal hernia repair (under age 16) | 1st pandemic period | High | 2426 | 2409 | 1801 | 74.2% | 74.8% | ||
| Medium | 1307 | 1269 | 1059 | 81.0% | 83.5% | ||||
| Low | 430 | 448 | 361 | 84.0% | 80.6% | ||||
| Subtotal | 4163 | 4126 | 3221 | 77.4% | 78.1% | < 0.001 | 0.145 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 2818 | 2718 | 2252 | 79.9% | 82.9% | |||
| Medium | 1494 | 1405 | 1225 | 82.0% | 87.2% | ||||
| Low | 616 | 512 | 441 | 71.6% | 86.1% | ||||
| Subtotal | 4928 | 4635 | 3918 | 79.5% | 84.5% | 0.002 | 0.301 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 17,171 | 16,736 | 14,232 | 82.9% | 85.0% | < 0.001 | 0.045 | |
| Appendectomy (under age 16) | 1st pandemic period | High | 1192 | 1155 | 1066 | 89.4% | 92.3% | ||
| Medium | 602 | 582 | 557 | 92.5% | 95.7% | ||||
| Low | 223 | 243 | 187 | 83.9% | 77.0% | ||||
| Subtotal | 2017 | 1980 | 1810 | 89.7% | 91.4% | 0.009 | 0.895 | ||
| 2nd pandemic period | High | 1391 | 1379 | 1291 | 92.8% | 93.6% | |||
| Medium | 732 | 719 | 614 | 83.9% | 85.4% | ||||
| Low | 295 | 261 | 270 | 91.5% | 103.4% | 0.936 | |||
| Subtotal | 2418 | 2359 | 2175 | 90.0% | 92.2% | 0.076 | 0.936 | ||
| Yearly | Total | 8269 | 8150 | 7593 | 91.8% | 93.2% | < 0.001 | 0.679 |