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Quantification of total and viable cells (in DNA copies/mL) using genes VC1376, thyA, and recA at day 70 during viable but non-culturable (VBNC)-state development of Vibrio cholerae strain C6706. Total cells were measured without PMA treatment (PMA−) and viable cells were measured after PMA treatment (PMA+). qPCR, quantitative PCR; ddPCR, droplet digital PCR. Error bars represent the mean and standard error of measurement.
