Fig. 1.

A) Schematic representation of sensory and neural input. Any number of different continuous stimulus features can be used as input. B) Schematic overview of the encoding vs. decoding approach. As explained in more detail in the text, for an encoding approach the stimulus features are used to generate a predicted EEG response which is then compared to the actual EEG response. For a decoding approach, EEG responses are used to generate a prediction of the stimulus input, which is then compared to the actual input.