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. 2021 Nov 2;12:774560. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.774560

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Berberine inhibited the expression levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and promoted the mRNA expression levels of tight junction protein in vivo. (A) The effect of berberine on the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (COX-2 and iNOS) in colonic tissues. Representative western blots and quantitative analysis of COX-2 and iNOS proteins. (B) mRNA expression levels of iNOS, IL-8, IL-1β, and TNF-α in colon tissue, as determined by qRT-PCR. (C) Representative Alcian blue (AB)/(Periodic Acid-Schiff stain) PAS-stained colonic tissue sections (Scale bars, 100 μm) and goblet cell number. (D) mRNA expression levels of Occludin, ZO-1, and Claudin-7, in colon tissue, as determined by qRT-PCR. All mRNA expression levels were normalized to β-Actin. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3 per group). ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 vs. the control group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 vs. CPT11 + berberine treated group.