Table 4.
Meta-analysis of maternal laboratory tests and antibodies.
| Statistic | No. of studies | Reference range | Mean/prevalence (%) | 95% CI LB | 95% CI UB | I2 (%) | Q test P-value | Begg's test | Egger's test | Lin and Chu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| WBC (109/L) | 15 | 4.5–11 | 8.50 | 7.60 | 9.43 | 61.2 | <0.01 | 0.63 | 0.76 | 0.68 |
| Normal WBC | 16 | 60.32% | 47.28% | 72.04% | 59.2 | <0.01 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.03 | |
| Neutrophil (109/L) | 11 | 1.5–8.0 | 7.08 | 5.07 | 9.10 | 99.7 | 0.00 | 0.30 | 0.95 | 0.68 |
| High neutrophil | 6 | 71.39% | 38.49% | 90.87% | 60.9 | 0.02 | 0.21 | 0.31 | 0.02 | |
| Neutrophil percent | 5 | 45–75% | 78.47 | 71.69 | 85.24 | 90.0 | <0.01 | 0.36 | 0.41 | 0.07 |
| Lymphocytes (109/L) | 13 | 1.0–5.0 | 1.26 | 1.14 | 1.39 | 62.7 | <0.01 | 0.37 | 0.99 | 0.14 |
| Low lymphocytes | 15 | 31.99% | 21.64% | 44.49% | 59.4 | <0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.00 | |
| Lymphocytes percent | 6 | 18%−45% | 25.55 | 4.67 | 46.43 | 100 | 0.00 | 0.65 | 0.51 | 0.18 |
| Platelets (103/μl) | 9 | 150–450 | 177.92 | 151.02 | 204.82 | 77.3 | <0.01 | 0.85 | 0.05 | 0.09 |
| Low platelets | 8 | 15.07% | 3.95% | 43.37% | 68.1 | <0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01 | 0.15 | |
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 9 | 120–155 | 112.4 | 13.70 | 121.1 | 70.2 | <0.01 | 0.44 | 0.21 | 0.68 |
| Low hemoglobin | 7 | 57.30% | 26.00% | 86.76% | 57.3 | <0.01 | 0.41 | 0.99 | 0.91 | |
| CRP (mg/L) | 17 | <10 | 24.88 | 13.80 | 35.96 | 97.1 | <0.01 | 0.67 | 0.49 | 0.06 |
| Elevated CRP | 13 | 67.70% | 50.59% | 81.09% | 70.0 | <0.01 | 0.58 | 0.26 | 0.93 | |
| Creatine-kinase (U/L) | 6 | 22–198 | 49.56 | 26.34 | 72.79 | 99.2 | <0.01 | 1.00 | 0.26 | 0.46 |
| High creatine-kinase | 5 | 2.17% | 0.31% | 13.88% | 0.0 | 0.8267 | 0.75 | 0.12 | 0.40 | |
| PCT (ng/ml) | 8 | <0.5 | 0.27 | 0.00 | 0.59 | 80.3 | <0.01 | 0.88 | 0.59 | 0.53 |
| High PCT | 8 | 3.76% | 0.06% | 72.79% | 70.5 | 0.04 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.94 | |
| AST (U/L) | 14 | <36 | 41.11 | 18.24 | 63.98 | 96.6 | <0.01 | 0.19 | 0.10 | 0.09 |
| ALT (U/L) | 15 | <36 | 40.39 | 9.00 | 71.78 | 98.9 | <0.01 | 0.58 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Elevated AST/ALT | 13 | 18.81% | 8.21% | 37.49% | 68.0 | <0.01 | 0.29 | 0.04 | 0.00 | |
| Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 4 | 1–12 | 14.37 | 2.98 | 25.76 | 77.5 | <0.01 | 0.70 | 0.09 | 0.61 |
| Lactate dehydro. (U/L) | 4 | <225 | 236.9 | 148.3 | 325.5 | 97.4 | <0.01 | 0.07 | 0.20 | 0.02 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 6 | 35–50 | 26.73 | 16.85 | 36.07 | 99.3 | <0.01 | 0.70 | 0.19 | 0.12 |
| BUN (mmol/L) | 7 | 2.5–7.1 | 3.22 | 2.28 | 4.14 | 88.5 | <0.01 | 1.00 | 0.31 | 0.01 |
| PT (s) | 3 | 8.7–11.5 | 12.11 | 11.72 | 12.50 | 0.0 | <0.01 | 0.54 | 0.08 | <0.01 |
| APTT (s) | 3 | 30–40 | 3.10 | 29.93 | 44.27 | 90.9 | <0.01 | 0.27 | 0.10 | 0.00 |
| D-dimer (mg/L) | 7 | <0.5 | 2.27 | 1.30 | 3.23 | 95.5 | <0.01 | 0.62 | 0.95 | 0.15 |
| IgG (AU/ml) | 15 | <10 | 76.90 | 43.02 | 110.79 | 61.2 | <0.01 | 0.72 | 0.86 | 0.50 |
| High IgG | 16 | 72.73% | 55.35% | 85.16% | 59.2 | <0.01 | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.17 | |
| IgM (AU/ml) | 11 | <10 | 96.89 | 0.00 | 212.81 | 99.7 | 0.00 | 0.42 | 0.34 | 0.48 |
| High IgM | 6 | 48.94% | 14.35% | 84.58% | 60.9 | 0.02 | 1.00 | 0.85 | 0.66 |