Table 6.
Pathogen prevalence in flea and tick pools collected from infested dogs
| Tick and flea pools | Overall | Tanzania (%) | Kenya (%) | Uganda (%) | Nigeria (%) | Ghana (%) | Namibia (%) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rural | Urban | P | Rural | Urban | P | Rural | Urban | P | Rural | Urban | P | Rural | Urban | P | Rural | Urban | P | ||
| Ticks | |||||||||||||||||||
| B. canis | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| B. rossi | 2.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.5 | 1.8 | 3.9 | 5.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| B. felis | 0.6 | 4.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| E. chaffeensis | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| A. platys | 10.6 | 20.0 | 26.0 | ns | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.5 | 29.8 | 3.9 | ** | 15.4 | 13.3 | ns | 0.0 | 2.6 | |||
| A. phagocytophilum | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| R. conorii | 3.7 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 18.1 | 0.0 | ** | 5.3 | 6.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.6 | |||||
| R. africae | 2.1 | 4.4 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | 7.9 | 0.0 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 7.7 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| C. burnetti | 15.1 | 11.1 | 2.0 | ns | 63.9 | 0.0 | *** | 15.8 | 10.9 | ns | 29.8 | 2.0 | ** | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| H. canis | 60.5 | 75.6 | 76.0 | ns | 80.6 | 62.5 | ns | 50.0 | 41.3 | ns | 91.2 | 58.8 | *** | 56.4 | 46.7 | ns | 29.0 | 20.5 | ns |
| D. immitis | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| E. canis | 5.4 | 2.2 | 8.0 | 2.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 12.3 | 13.7 | ns | 10.3 | 6.7 | ns | 3.2 | 0.0 | ||||
| Tick pools (N) | 537 | 45 | 50 | 72 | 24 | 38 | 46 | 57 | 51 | 39 | 45 | 31 | 39 | ||||||
| Shannon index | 1.2 | 0.9 | ns | 1.2 | 0.0 | ** | 1.0 | 1.3 | ns | 1.3 | 0.9 | ** | 1.2 | 1.0 | ns | 0.3 | 0.6 | ns | |
| Fleas | |||||||||||||||||||
| B. henselae | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 8.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||||||
| M. haemofelis | 14.2 | 3.7 | 16.0 | ns | 22.6 | 30.8 | ns | 12.5 | 10.0 | ns | 13.6 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 12.5 | ns | 0.0 | 11.8 | ||
| D. caninum | 11.9 | 3.7 | 4.0 | 3.8 | 0.0 | 27.5 | 25.0 | ns | 31.8 | 0.0 | 5.9 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 11.8 | |||||
| Flea pools (N) | 261 | 27 | 25 | 53 | 13 | 40 | 20 | 22 | 1 | 17 | 24 | 2 | 17 | ||||||
| Shannon index | 0.7 | 0.5 | ns | 0.4 | 0.0 | ns | 0.6 | 0.6 | ns | 0.6 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 1.0 | ns | 0.0 | 0.7 | |||
Pathogen prevalence in 261 flea pools and 537 tick pools collected from infested dog individuals in urban and rural areas of six African countries. No pair-wise comparisons have been performed for countries in which less than three dog individuals have been sampled in one of its habitats. For statistical outcomes on macrogeographic contrasts, see Fig. 5
***P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, ns (not-significant) P > 0.05