TABLE 1.
Baseline Demographics and Characteristics for Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patients Who Experienced a Hemorrhagic or Ischemic Stroke in the ICU
| Characteristics | Hemorrhagic Stroke (N = 27) | Ischemic Stroke (N = 19) | No Stroke (N = 2,656) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Age, median (IQR) (yr) | 58 (48–64) | 60 (52–66) | 59 (49–68) |
| Male sex, n (%) | 17 (63) | 12 (63) | 1,734 (65) |
| Body mass index, median (IQR) (kg/m2) | 30 (27–33) | 31 (27–37) | 29 (25–34) |
| Ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| White | 14 (52) | 5 (26) | 950 (36) |
| Black | 5 (19) | 6 (32) | 324 (12) |
| Asian | 2 (7) | 2 (11) | 387 (15) |
| Hispanic | 4 (15) | 6 (32) | 420 (16) |
| Other | 1(4) | 0 (0) | 386 (15) |
| Past medical history, n (%) | |||
| Chronic cardiac diseasea | 7 (26) | 4 (21) | 409 (15) |
| Chronic kidney diseaseb | 3 (11) | 2 (11) | 252 (9) |
| Chronic neurologic disorderc | 1 (4) | 4 (21) | 160 (6) |
| Diabetes | 9 (33) | 11(58) | 839 (32) |
| Hypertension | 16 (59) | 14 (74) | 1,281 (48) |
| Smoking | 7 (26) | 6 (32) | 682 (26) |
| ICU variables | |||
| ECMO, n (%) | 15 (56) | 3(16) | 262 (10) |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 27 (100) | 16 (84) | 1,873 (71) |
| Vasopressor use, n (%) | 24 (89) | 22 (81) | 1,756 (66) |
| Neuromuscular blockade, n (%) | 23 (85) | 14 (52) | 1,517 (57) |
| Tracheostomy, n (%) | 7 (28) | 8 (31) | 430 (20) |
| Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score, median (IQR) | 9 (3–11) | 6 (4–9) | 4 (3–7) |
| Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score, median (IQR) | 21 (14–24) | 16 (14–29) | 15 (10–21) |
| Duration/length, median (IQR) (d) | |||
| Mechanical ventilation | 18 (10–24) | 18 (8–20) | 12 (6–22) |
| ECMO | 6 (3–15) | 16 (8–17) | 16 (8–26) |
| ICU stay | 18 (10–24) | 22 (12–30) | 12 (6–24) |
| Hospital stay | 18 (4–34) | 30 (17-48) | 18 (10–32) |
| Days to event from admission, median (IQR) | |||
| Days to stroke diagnosisd | 12 (3–24) | 12 (1–24) | --- |
| Days to mechanical ventilation | 2 (0-3) | 2 (0-3) | 0 (0-4) |
| Days to ECMO cannulation | 0 (0-1) | 2 (1–3) | 2 (0-6) |
| Outcomes, n (%) | |||
| Death | 20 (74) | 7 (37) | 925 (37) |
| Discharge | 4 (15) | 5 (26) | 908 (34) |
ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, IQR = interquartile range.
aChronic cardiac disease: any of coronary artery disease, heart failure, congenital heart disease, cardiomyopathy, or rheumatic heart disease (not hypertension).
bChronic kidney disease: chronic estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or history of kidney transplantation.
cChronic neurologic disorder: any of cerebral palsy, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, muscular dystrophy, myasthenia gravis, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, severe learning difficulty.
dDays to stroke diagnosis: days from hospital admission to stroke.