TABLE 3.
Characteristics and outcomes in DILI patients and non-DILI patients.
| Variable | DILI (n = 55) | Non-DILI (n = 110) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), y | 68 (55–75) | 66 (57–77) | 0.700 |
| ≤65 years, n (%) | 23 (41.8%) | 51 (46.4%) | 0.580 |
| >65 years, n (%) | 32 (58.2%) | 59 (53.6%) | |
| Male sex, n (%) | 34 (61.8%) | 68 (61.8%) | 1.000 |
| Weight, median (IQR), kg | 60.0 (55.0–70.0) | 62.0 (54.8–70.0) | 0.974 |
| BMI, median (IQR), kg/m2 | 22.7 (20.3–24.8) | 22.7 (20.0–24.5) | 0.753 |
| <18.5 kg/m2, n (%) | 5 (9.1%) | 16 (14.6%) | 0.589 |
| 18.5–24 kg/m2, n (%) | 32 (58.2%) | 58 (52.7%) | |
| >24 kg/m2, n (%) | 18 (32.7%) | 36 (32.7%) | |
| Hospital admission, n (%) | 0.318 | ||
| Medical ward | 34 (61.8%) | 59 (53.6%) | |
| Surgical ward | 21 (38.2%) | 51 (46.4%) | |
| Payment methods, n (%) | 0.420 | ||
| Medical insurance | 38 (69.1%) | 69 (62.7%) | |
| Self-paying | 17 (30.9%) | 41 (37.3%) | |
| Underlying disease, n (%) | |||
| Chronic liver disease | 6 (10.9%) | 24 (21.8%) | 0.087 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 13 (23.6%) | 34 (30.9%) | 0.329 |
| Solid organ cancer | 15 (27.3%) | 36 (32.7%) | 0.475 |
| Hematologic malignancy tumor | 0 (0.0%) | 8 (7.3%) | 0.096* |
| Heart disease | 13 (23.6%) | 38 (34.5%) | 0.153 |
| Smoking, n (%) | 8 (14.5%) | 18 (16.4%) | 0.763 |
| Alcohol use, n (%) | 6 (10.9%) | 9 (8.2%) | 0.566 |
| Mechanical ventilation, n (%) | 32 (58.2%) | 32 (29.1%) | 0.000 |
| Baseline laboratory variables | |||
| ALB [40–55 g/L], median (IQR), g/L | 33.0 (28.0–37.0) | 31.5 (27.0–34.3) | 0.108 |
| PT [10.0–13.0 s], median (IQR), s | 13.1 (11.8–14.4) | 13.4 (12.0–14.5) | 0.647 |
| TB [3.4–20.4 μmol/L], median (IQR), μmol/L | 11.5 (6.8–17.7) | 12.2 (8.7–17.3) | 0.295 |
| ALT [Male: 9–50 U/L; Female: 7–40 U/L], median (IQR), U/L | 33.0 (14.0–52.0) | 22.0 (14.0–45.5) | 0.219 |
| AST [Male: 15–40 U/L; Female: 13–35 U/L], median (IQR), U/L | 28.0 (17.0–44.0) | 26.0 (17.0–43.5) | 0.912 |
| ALP [Male: 45–125 U/L; Female: age <50 years 35–100 U/L, age ≥50 years 50–135 U/L], median (IQR), U/L | 102.0 (68.0–137.0) | 91.0 (65.8–128.5) | 0.674 |
| GGT [Male 1060 U/L; Female 745 U/L], median (IQR), U/L | 57.0 (27.0–119.0) | 50.5 (27.8–107.8) | 0.667 |
| Baseline liver function | 0.911 | ||
| Normal, n (%) | 22 (40.0%) | 45 (40.9%) | |
| Abnormal, n (%) | 33 (60.0%) | 65 (59.1%) | |
| Tigecycline therapy | |||
| Loading dose, n (%) | 29 (52.7%) | 64 (58.2%) | 0.505 |
| Maintaining dose, n (%) | 0.002 | ||
| Standard dose (50 mg) | 28 (50.9%) | 83 (75.5%) | |
| High dose (100 mg) | 27 (49.1%) | 27 (24.5%) | |
| Duration, median (IQR), days | 13.0 (7.5–19.5) | 7.0 (4.5–9.6) | 0.000 |
| ≤14d, n (%) | 35 (63.6%) | 104 (94.5%) | |
| >14d, n (%) | 20 (36.4%) | 6 (5.5%) | |
| Number of concomitant hepatotoxic medications, median (IQR) | 2.0 (1.0–4.0) | 1.0 (1.0–2.0) | 0.000 |
| 30-day all-cause mortality, n (%) | 6 (10.9%) | 18 (16.4%) | 0.349 |
* Continuity correction. DILI, drug-induced liver injury; BMI, Body Mass Index; ALB: albumin; PT, prothrombin time; TB, total bilirubin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyltransferase; IQR, interquartile ranges. The bold vaules provided in Table refers to p<0.05.