Table 1.
Participant characteristics.
| Parent Sample (n = 41) | n | % or M (SD) |
| Age, years | - | 45.29 (5.90) |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 38 | 92.7 |
| Male | 3 | 7.3 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White/Caucasian | 35 | 85.4 |
| Biracial/multiracial | 6 | 14.6 |
| Marital status | ||
| Married or common-law | 33 | 80.5 |
| Separated or divorced | 7 | 17.1 |
| Single | 1 | 2.4 |
| Education | ||
| High school or less | 5 | 12.2 |
| Vocational school or some college (no degree) | 14 | 34.1 |
| College or Bachelor’s degree | 19 | 46.3 |
| Graduate/Professional school (Master’s degree, PhD) | 3 | 7.3 |
| Employment status | ||
| Full-time | 19 | 46.3 |
| Part-time | 13 | 31.7 |
| Not working | 8 | 19.5 |
| Did not answer | 1 | 2.4 |
| Annual household income, CAD | ||
| 0–29,999 | 4 | 9.8 |
| 30,000–59,999 | 5 | 12.2 |
| 60,000–89,999 | 9 | 22.0 |
| >90,000 | 17 | 41.5 |
| Did not answer | 6 | 14.6 |
| Child Sample (n = 86) | n | % or M (SD) |
| Age, years | - | 14.07 (2.27) |
| Gender | ||
| Female | 64 | 74.4 |
| Male | 22 | 25.6 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White/Caucasian | 70 | 81.4 |
| Biracial/multiracial | 6 | 7.0 |
| Black | 2 | 2.3 |
| South Asian | 2 | 2.3 |
| Aboriginal/Indigenous | 1 | 1.2 |
| Arab/West Asian | 1 | 1.2 |
| Latin American | 1 | 1.2 |
| Other | 3 | 3.5 |
| Pain duration, years | - | 3.50 (3.21) |
| Pain locations | ||
| Muscle and joints | 31 | 36.0 |
| Head | 30 | 34.9 |
| Legs | 11 | 12.8 |
| Stomach | 6 | 7.0 |
| Chest | 3 | 3.5 |
| Other | 26 | 30.2 |
| Two or more locations | 37 | 43.0 |
| Pain frequency | ||
| Not at all | 15 | 17.4 |
| Once per week | 21 | 24.4 |
| 2 to 3 times per week | 22 | 25.6 |
| 4 to 6 times per week | 9 | 10.5 |
| Daily | 18 | 20.9 |
| Did not answer | 1 | 1.2 |
| Pain intensity, out of 10 | - | 5.55 (1.81) |
Note: n = sample size, M = mean, SD = standard deviation).