TABLE 1.

Circulating miR-132 as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in cardiovascular disease.

Disease	Study design	Source	Change in expression vs. controls	Clinical application	References
AMI	35 AMI vs. 55 healthy controls	Plasma	↓	Diagnosis	Li et al. (2019)
UAP	10 UAP vs. 10 non-coronary chest pain vs. 10 healthy controls	Serum	↓	Diagnosis	Zeller et al. (2014)
HF	65 HF with LVEF ≤ 45% vs. 62 healthy controls	Plasma	↓	NA	Liu et al. (2018a)
DM without CVD	Patients with different duration of DM (1–5, 6–10, 11–15, and >15 years, n = 17, 18, 16, and 17, respectively) vs. age- -matched non-DM	Plasma	↓	Identify diabetic cardiac microangiopathy	Rawal et al. (2017)
CAD	1,112 CAD including 430 ACS and 682 SAP, 4 years follow-up	Serum	NA	Higher miR-132 levels predict CV death in ACS patients	Karakas et al. (2017)
CHF	953 symptomatic CHF from GISSI-HF trial, 46.2 months follow-up	Plasma	NA	Higher miR-132 levels were associated with severe HF symptom, but predicted lower risk of HF readmission	Panico and Condorelli (2018)

AMI, acute myocardial infarction; UAP, unstable angina pectoris; HF, heart failure; NA, not applicable; DM, diabetes mellitus; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CAD, coronary artery disease; ACS, acute coronary syndrome; SAP, stable angina pectoris; CV, cardiovascular; CHF, chronic heart failure.