Mattiuzzi 2007.

Study characteristics
Methods	Randomised, phase 2 trial with 3 arms comparison of ondansetron Days 1 to 5 + dexamethasone vs palonosetron Days 1 to 5 + dexamethasone vs palonosetron Days 1, 3, and 5 + dexamethasone Recruitment period: n.r. n = 95 Masking: n.r. Baseline patient characteristics: n.r. Follow‐up: n.r.
Participants	Inclusion criteria: n.r. Exclusion criteria: n.r. Mean/median age (range), years: n.r. Gender: n.r. Tumour/cancer type: acute myeloid leukemia, myelodysplastic syndrome Chemotherapy regimen: MD‐HD‐CHEMO with HDAC‐containing regimens Country: n.r.
Interventions	Experimental: arm A: ONDA 1 to 5 ONDA 8 mg i.v. bolus, then 24 mg i.v., continuous infusion on Day 1 through Day 5 and for 12 h after Ara C infusion ends Experimental: arm B: PALO 1 to 5 PALO 0.25 mg i.v. bolus over 30 seconds on Day 1 through Day 5 of Ara C infusion Experimental: arm C: PALO 1, 3, 5 PALO 0.25 mg i.v. bolus over 30 seconds on Days 1, 3, and 5 of Ara C infusion All patients received Solumedrol 40 mg i.v. before Ara C
Outcomes	Primary endpoint(s) complete response complete control
Notes	abstract only "disclosure: consultancy: MGI, Pfizer, Merck. Research funding: Astellas, MGI, Novartis"
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: randomised trial but method of randomisation not described
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: allocation concealment not reported
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) Blinding of participants	High risk	Quote: "open randomized comparative trial"
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) Blinding of personnel	High risk	Quote: "open randomized comparative trial"
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) Subjective outcomes (Patient reported outcomes)	High risk	Comment: patients and personnel were not blinded towards the intervention and therefore might influence subjective outcomes analysis
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) Subjective outcomes (Patient reported outcomes)	Low risk	Comment: 95 patients were evaluable
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Comment: all outcome measures were reported in the results section
Other bias	Unclear risk	Comment: conference abstract, not evaluable