Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Nov 17;13:182. doi: 10.1186/s13073-021-00991-y

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 2 — Identification of MDR K. pneumoniae and C. striatum outbreaks across the ICU network based on combined epidemiological and CMg analysis. Overlapping ward stays for patients involved in putative outbreaks of A) MDR K. pneumoniae and B) C. striatum. Each row represents a unique patient. Patients are ordered by ward of first positive (ascending) and then by patient ID (ascending). The horizontal axis shows the ward stays from April 1 to June 20. Non-ITU wards are coloured in grey. ITU wards are labelled 1–10 represented by a unique colour. Periods outside the hospital are represented in white. MDR-K. pneumoniae or C. striatum positive and negative respiratory samples by culture are marked as (+) or (-), respectively. Additionally, positive respiratory samples by CMg and culture are marked as “”. Positive blood cultures are marked as “B” and sequenced blood cultures are marked as “”. Patients with a CMg-aligned sequence have an S number (respiratory sample) or KP number (blood culture) adjacent to their identification number on the left of each bar. The number of SNPs for each CMg sample is also shown on the vertical axis. A) CMg was performed on MDR-K. pneumoniae in respiratory samples from patients 1054 and 301 and bloodstream infection isolates on patients 301 and 968 retrieved from the routine diagnostic laboratory (time point marked as “B”). Possible chain of transmission is from top to bottom. No sequenced patient could link 968 to 1517 or 618 to 740 and so were assumed to be due to cryptic transmission via other non-sequenced patients. B) CMg was performed on C. striatum in respiratory samples from patients 618, 677, 740 and 749. All other patients were linked by epidemiology only

Inline graphic — Identification of MDR K. pneumoniae and C. striatum outbreaks across the ICU network based on combined epidemiological and CMg analysis. Overlapping ward stays for patients involved in putative outbreaks of A) MDR K. pneumoniae and B) C. striatum. Each row represents a unique patient. Patients are ordered by ward of first positive (ascending) and then by patient ID (ascending). The horizontal axis shows the ward stays from April 1 to June 20. Non-ITU wards are coloured in grey. ITU wards are labelled 1–10 represented by a unique colour. Periods outside the hospital are represented in white. MDR-K. pneumoniae or C. striatum positive and negative respiratory samples by culture are marked as (+) or (-), respectively. Additionally, positive respiratory samples by CMg and culture are marked as “”. Positive blood cultures are marked as “B” and sequenced blood cultures are marked as “”. Patients with a CMg-aligned sequence have an S number (respiratory sample) or KP number (blood culture) adjacent to their identification number on the left of each bar. The number of SNPs for each CMg sample is also shown on the vertical axis. A) CMg was performed on MDR-K. pneumoniae in respiratory samples from patients 1054 and 301 and bloodstream infection isolates on patients 301 and 968 retrieved from the routine diagnostic laboratory (time point marked as “B”). Possible chain of transmission is from top to bottom. No sequenced patient could link 968 to 1517 or 618 to 740 and so were assumed to be due to cryptic transmission via other non-sequenced patients. B) CMg was performed on C. striatum in respiratory samples from patients 618, 677, 740 and 749. All other patients were linked by epidemiology only