Table 2.
Studies on process optimization for natamycin production
| Composition of the media | Culture used for fermentation | Process conditions | Yield (g/L) | Findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Glucose (20 g/L), beef extract (2 g/L), yeast extract (2 g/L), asparagine (0.5 g/L), and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (0.05 g/L) | S. natalensis NRLL 2651 | Incubation temperature—30 °C, RPM—200, Time—96 h | 1.5 | Glucose (20 g/L) supplemented with beef (8 g/L) and yeast (2 g/L) extract increased the natamycin yield by two times higher than the initial medium | Farid et al. (2000) |
| Glucose (38.2 g/L), Yeast extract (3.0 g), soy peptone (15 g) | S. gilvosporeus | Incubation temperature—29 °C, RPM—200, Time—96 h, pH—7.8 | 2.45 | Yield was 90% higher than the initial medium | Chen et al. (2008) |
| Glucose (60 g/L), soybean cake meal (10 g/L), peptone (5 g/L), yeast extract (5 g/L), beef extract ( 5 g/L), NaCl (2 g/L), CaCO3 (5 g/L), and MgSO4 (1 g/L) | S. gilvosporeus LK-196 | Fermentation, temperature—28 °C, RPM – 400, Time – 96 h, pH – 6, Dissolved oxygen was more than 30% | 3.94 |
High shear force harmed the mycelia growth as well as reduce the natamycin production Optimal conditions were found to be using glucose as carbon source at pH 6.0 ± 0.2, while maintaining 30% dissolved oxygen level |
Liang et al. (2008) |
| Glucose (20 g/L), beef extract (2 g/L) yeast extract (2.0 g/L) asparagines (0.5 g/L) and KH2PO4 (0.05 g/L) | S. natalensis NRLL 2651 | RPM – 300, pH– 7.0, Acetic and propionic acid (7:1) were added in the culture media | 3.98 |
The addition of carboxylic acid increase the antibiotic yield and reduce the production time from 96 to 84 h The combination of acetic acid and propionic acid showed stimulatory effect on natamycin production Yield was 113% higher than the control sample (without carboxylic acid supplementation) |
Elsayed et al. (2013) |
| Soybean powder (10 g/L), yeast powder (8 g/L), glucose (20 g/L), and calcium carbonate (2 g/L) | S. natalensis F4-245 | Incubation temperature – 29 °C, RPM – 220, Time – 144 h, Propanol (0.2%) was added at 28 h |
Yield was 17% higher than the control (without propanol) Concentration of amino acid and acetyl Co-A increased by adding propanol, that in turn enhanced the natamycin production |
Li et al. (2014) | |
| Glucose (20 g/L), Yeast extract (2 g/L), Beef extract (8 g/L), and DL-Asparagine (0.5 g/L) | Streptomyces natalensis NRLL 2651 | Inoculation temperature – 30 °C, RPM – 600, pH -7.2 | 1.58 ± 0.032 | Continuous fermentation by adding glucose @ 20 g/l with yield 1.6 and 1.72 times yield higher than batch cultivation in bioreactor and shake flask | Elsayed et al. (2019) |