TABLE 2:

Sleep Metrics of cLBP and Pain-free Individuals

	cLBP	Pain-free	Group difference t
Sleep Metrics characteristics	Mean (SD)	Mean (SD)
Sleep efficiency (%)	79.4 (10.2)	81.3 (7.4)	−0.9
WASO	50.6 (23.8)	36.2 (15.9)	3.3**
# minutes awake	35.4 (13.6)	31.1 (10.2)	1.7
Sleep Latency (minutes)	33.4 (35.7)	33.2 (28.8)	0.03
Time in bed (hh:mm)	08:43 (01:24)	08:06 (01:04)	2.3*
Total sleep time (hh:mm)	06:57 (1:21)	06:36 (0:58)	1.4
Quality of Sleep	3.12 (0.5)	3.7 (.6)	−5.2**
Rested/Refreshed Sleep	2.7 (.6)	3.4 (.6)	−5.3**

Note. Means and standard deviations reported on unstandardized scores. Means calculated based on each participant’s score on each variable averaged across all interactions. Mean differences tested using independent sample t-test.

^*p<.05

^**p<.01