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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Jul 6;69(11):3194–3202. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17351

Table 1.

Analytic sample (N = 2,353) characteristics and bivariate association with baseline rapid gait speed.

N (%) or Mean (SD) Spearman’s rho with baseline rapid gait speed or group mean differences (SE) p-value
Rapid Gait Speed (m/s) 1.55 (0.33) -- --
COMT Genotype, n (%) Val/Val: 769 (32.7%) −.06 (.02) .001
Met/Val: 1,137 (48.3%) −.03 (.18) .055
Met/Met (REF): 447 (19.0%) -- --
Demographics.
Age, years 74.60 (2.84) −.15 <.001
White, n (%) 1,467 (62.3%) .21 (.01; White > Black) <.001
Women, n (%) 1,223 (52.0%) −.21 (.01; men > women) <.001
Usual Gait Speed (m/s) 1.14 (0.21) .76 <.001
Other health factors.
Body mass index (kg/m2) 27.31 (4.80) −.21 <.001
Ankle-Brachial Index (mm Hg) 1.07 (.18) .20 <.001
Visual Acuity ≤20/50, n Yes(%) (Y3) 101 (4.5%) −.20 (.03; better > worse acuity) <.001
Diabetes, n Yes (%) (Y1) 121 (5.1%) −.09 (.03; no > yes) .004
Coronary Heart Disease, n Yes(%) (Y1) 404 (17.2%) .02 (.02; yes > no) .205
Congestive Heart Failure, n Yes(%) (Y1) 55 (2.3%) −.18 (.05; no > yes) .002
Cerebrovascular Disease, n Yes(%) (Y1) 152 (6.5%) −.16 (.03; no > yes) <.001
Sensorimotor.
EPESE score, Balance (Y1) 3.75 (.75) .22 <.001
400m Walk Speed (m/s) (Y1) 1.26 (.21) .71 <.001
Subjective Knee Pain.
Knee Pain with Activity, n Yes(%) (Y3) 538 (23.1%) −.15 (.02; no pain > pain) <.001
Exercise and Walking.
Weekly exercise/walking (kcal/kg/week) 3.46 (6.87) .344 <.001
Cognition.
3MS, points 90.79 (7.77) .26 <.001
DSST (n correct, Y1) 36.92 (14.26) .31 <.001
Depressive Symptoms.
CES-D score (Y1) 4.59 (5.24) −.13 <.001
Energy.
Self-Reported Energy, points 6.69 (1.75) .18 <.001

Note. SD = standard deviation. EPESE = Establishing Population for the Epidemiological Study of the Elderly. DSST = Digit Symbol Substitution Test. 3MS = Teng Modified Mini-Mental State Examination. CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale. Y = year from Health ABC dataset (e.g., Y3 = Year 3). If not indicated, data are from Year 2.