Table 1.
Comparisons | k | Mean ES | 95% CI | Q | I 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Medication adherence, all eligible studies | 40 | 0.57*** | 0.38, 0.76 | 466.33*** | 91.64 |
Medication adherence, outliers removed | 38 | 0.41*** | 0.27, 0.54 | 199.78*** | 81.48 |
Quality of life | 11 | 0.29* | 0.04, 0.55 | 77.18*** | 87.04 |
Systolic blood pressure | 8 | 0.42** | 0.10, 0.73 | 55.40*** | 87.36 |
Diastolic blood pressure | 8 | 0.35* | 0.03, 0.68 | 61.24*** | 88.57 |
Mortality | 9 | 0.79 | 0.61, 1.01 | 11.32 | 29.30 |
Hospitalizations/readmissions | 7 | 0.82 | 0.67, 1.01 | 8.25 | 27.25 |
k = number of comparisons
ES = effect size (Cohen’s d, except for mortality and hospitalizations [relative risk])
Q = heterogeneity statistic (weighted squared deviations from summary effect)
I2 = index of heterogeneity beyond within-study sampling error
p < .05,
p < .01,
p < .001